18th century maps in good quality. Antique world maps in high resolution - Antique world maps HQ. What if you print a map and hang it on the wall
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What if you print the map and hang it on the wall?
Many of us in childhood had huge wall maps on the wall, carefully hung from pushpins. Many hours were spent painstakingly studying them. As if by magic, new countries and cities floated before my eyes. Someone learned by heart the capitals of states, someone calculated the distances, and someone just looked for their hometown, trying to learn more about the world around them. Now they are no less popular, and it is not difficult to buy wall maps.
Whether you're on vacation or looking to find a spot you've seen on the news, all you have to do is walk up to the wall and find it. Returning from vacation, you can trace the entire path you have traveled with your finger along the surface with undisguised pleasure. And even carefully mark the winding route with a pencil, so that when you accidentally glance at the wall map, unforgettable moments of relaxation emerge in your memory. And modern technologies allow you to make maps much more colorful and more detailed.
Vintage maps
Wall charts today are no match for their lackluster and often torn ancestors. Colorfulness, clarity of drawing, extraordinary detail will make them a real treasure of your collection. Visiting guests will definitely stay with her, and then with envy they will ask where you bought such a lovely thing.
To be honest, and from an aesthetic point of view, kats win the competition with many design solutions. With whatever apotheosis they prove to you that such a picture or vase will look good, I assure you, there is nothing more mysterious and interesting than a wall map.
Much is changing in life. There are ups and downs, but the stability symbolized by the wall map always remains somewhere deep in the soul. One has only to hang a map on the wall once and a whole world will appear in your house, not invented, but real. Our world, where today there is an incredibly vast Russia, Africa drowning in heat, Europe expiring in politics, romantic Caribbean islands. But you never know on earth beautiful places that can easily fit on your wall.
Many centuries have passed since then when people began to mark symbols on objects that could inform others about their location. The simplest landmarks are trees, paths, rivers, at that time everything was plotted on primitive maps. Today it is already a problem to find your city on an ordinary globe if its population is less than five hundred thousand people. Maps created by our ancestors are in museums and tell about the history of the development of cartography. But old drawings can tell a lot of interesting facts and give an opportunity to unravel the secrets of the past.
I doubt that it is now possible to find in a modern traveler a sample of a handwritten map with marked designations that would identify the population of the country or the people living there. When creating a map today, preference is given to the accuracy and clarity of the borders of states, while losing aesthetics.
But along with the fact that the old maps are fictional, inconvenient to use, they are a work of art. Many artists around the world are amazed and inspired by ancient maps and study them with great pleasure and admiration. In our computerized and internet era, many different maps can be found. It is very convenient and fast. Having collected cartographic material for many years, today we can provide you with more than two hundred maps, they can be downloaded or printed directly from the site in excellent quality and high resolution. Anyone can do this, be it a local historian, a historian, a treasure hunter or just a curious person.
Most people use maps to purposefully search for the antiques of our ancestors. Those who believe in the secrets of treasures and treasures can use ancient cards, and luck may smile upon them. But remember that an antique card can be a wonderful decor in your home. Your guests will certainly be surprised and fascinated by this wall design, thanks to which you can learn a lot about your region and about the whole world in general.
You can also make a gift and associate it with an old card. For example, a lover of China can be presented with an ancient Chinese map that was copied from a stone column in 1137. The birthday boy will certainly be delighted and will remember the gift for a long time. On our site you will find all the maps you are interested in. Have a lot of fun studying them and experience a lot of positive emotions.
A large, updated collection of old maps in high resolution.
General history. History of Modern Times. Grade 7 Burin Sergei Nikolaevich
§ 19. Political map of Europe in the 18th century
New features in the foreign policy of European countries
In Europe, the 17th century was rich in turbulent events: the English Revolution, the Thirty Years' War, the military rivalry between England and the Netherlands, France and Spain ... stability on the continent and in the world in general. At the same time, the most powerful states naturally felt a desire to designate their advantage not only in the sphere of economy and trade, but also in new colonial conquests, expansion of their zones of influence, etc. At the same time, in contrast to the Middle Ages, when wars began and seizures were made on the basis of the right of the mighty; in modern times, the concepts and practice of international law began to strengthen. Even strong powers could no longer base their actions on the "principle" of the Wolf from the fable of I. A. Krylov: "You are to blame for the fact that I want to eat." Whatever the true goals of the state in wars, conquests, etc., it needed to create a legal basis for its actions.
That is why in the XVIII century. dominated by the so-called dynastic wars, which were formally waged for the approval of the throne of this or that country of the next "legitimate" dynasty or "legitimate" claimant. With a strong desire, it was not so difficult to find a reason to justify the right to the throne. Suffice it to recall, for example, the unlucky Duke of Monmouth, and even more so William III of Orange. And yet the desire of the conflicting parties to give their actions the appearance of legitimacy was a very significant phenomenon. In relations between European states, principles were established that subsequently led to the triumph of international law.
Spanish ambassadors at Versailles invite the grandson of Louis XIV - Philip of Anjou to the Spanish throne
In the XVIII century. the former Franco-Spanish and Franco-Dutch rivalry faded into the background. It was replaced by a long struggle between England and France, under the sign of which the entire period of the 18th - early 19th centuries passed. And enmity arose at the end of the 17th century, when England joined the alliance of states that fought against France. In the XVIII century. The Anglo-French rivalry for domination in Europe largely determined the development of all international relations.
What, in your opinion, was the basis of what began at the end of the 17th century. Anglo-French rivalry (apart from specific wars and other conflicts)?
War of Spanish Succession and its results
Although the Spanish Habsburgs in the XVI-XVII centuries. lost the northern provinces of the Netherlands and ceded a number of territories to France, their possessions by the beginning of the XVIII century. were still huge. In addition to the south of the Netherlands and Italian lands, Spain still held vast colonies in America.
Charles II, the last of the Spanish Habsburgs, died in 1700. He had no children, but a month before his death, the king, under pressure from the French, bequeathed his throne to the grandson and heir of Louis XIV Philip of Anjou: he was also the grandson of a Spanish princess. Therefore, in the future, the unification of the thrones of Spain and France could take place. Such an outcome of the case could only suit the French.
In this situation, the desire to establish a balance of power immediately worked. The Austrian Habsburgs also nominated their claimant for the vacated throne - the grandson of the previous Spanish king. But Louis XIV has already sent his own grandson to Spain, declaring: "No more Pyrenees!" And of course, it would not have been difficult for France to subjugate a weakened Spain.
Battle of the War of the Spanish Succession
But together with Austria, England, the Netherlands, Denmark, Portugal and a number of German states came out against the French. The War of the Spanish Succession (1701–1714) began, engulfing a large part of continental Europe. Almost simultaneously with it in the east of Europe there was another war, the Northern (1700-1721). In it, Russia, in alliance with Denmark and the Elector of Saxony (who was also the king of Poland), fought against Sweden.
Thus, these two wars actually became the second all-European war (after the Thirty Years). In the Northern War, Russia won a landslide victory, which significantly strengthened its position in Europe. And in the War of the Spanish Succession, the arrogant French king barely escaped defeat. As a result, Philip of Anjou was allowed to remain on the Spanish throne, but only on condition that he renounced his rights to the French throne.
The signing of the Peace of Utrecht, which ended the War of the Spanish Succession
So the long-standing dream of all the kings of the Bourbon dynasty to unite France and Spain collapsed. Spain itself suffered great damage in the war. Almost all of the Spanish possessions in Italy, as well as the southern Netherlands, went to the Austrian Habsburgs. England got the Spanish fortress of Gibraltar? R, which "blocked" the way from the Mediterranean to the Atlantic. The British also received a monopoly right to trade in black slaves, exported from Africa to the Spanish and other colonies in America. Previously, this right belonged to the Spaniards themselves. As a result, England further strengthened its position as "ruler of the seas". Spain, however, was finally pushed back to the outskirts of Europe, “driven behind the Pyrenees,” as the French king Henry IV once dreamed.
If in the conditions of the beginning of the XVIII century. united the thrones of Spain and France, which of the two countries would benefit more from this? Justify your answer.
New dynastic wars
In 1733-1735. another dynastic war broke out - for the Polish inheritance. In it, Austria and Russia fought with France and Spain. Each side supported its claimant to the Polish throne. Formally, the victory remained with the Austro-Russian group. But at the same time, Austria had to abandon Lorraine and the south of Italy, occupied during the war by its rivals. These lands went to the French and Spanish Bourbons, respectively.
And soon a new, much larger war broke out. This time the Austrian inheritance was shared. After the death of the Archduke of Austria and the Holy Roman Emperor Charles VI, the throne passed to his daughter Maria Theresa. But her rights were immediately challenged by the Elector of Bavaria. He was supported by France and Spain, who had fought more than once against the Austrian Habsburgs, as well as Saxony. Prussia, Austria's main rival in the struggle for supremacy in Germany, also intervened in the dispute. Having just become a Prussian king, 28-year-old Frederick II has already gained fame for his belligerence. Europe also knew him as a subtle diplomat and an excellent commander. But the diplomacy and politics of the King of Prussia were aggressive, and sometimes just arrogant.
Maria Theresia
Having violated his promise to recognize all the rights of Maria Theresa, Frederick II treacherously seized the rich Austrian province of Silasia. The War of the Austrian Succession (1740–1748) exacerbated the Austro-Prussian rivalry. As a result of the war, the Austrian throne remained with Maria Theresa, but Silesia - with Prussia. This infuriated the Archduchess. She stated that she would return Silesia, "even if for this it would be necessary to give up the last skirt."
And soon the energetic Maria Theresa managed to create an anti-Prussian coalition, which included France and Russia. And on the side of Prussia, England unexpectedly came out, which in the previous war supported Maria Theresa. The fact is that at that time the British were concerned not so much with European affairs as with France's successes in the struggle for colonies (India, Canada, etc.). Therefore, the main focus of the wars of England was then not for someone, but against France. And as soon as France became an enemy of Austria to become her ally, the British did the same, only in the reverse order.
Seven Years War and the Strengthening of Russia
When these two hostile groups took shape, the Seven Years' War (1756-1763) began, which became the third all-European war. And in a sense, it can also be called a prototype of the world wars of the 20th century: echoes of this war reached even North America and Asia (India). The Seven Years' War fundamentally changed the balance of power in Europe. An unexpected alliance was not only England and Prussia, but also Austria and France - sworn enemies in a number of previous wars. Maria Theresa even promised to give the Netherlands "her" to the French, if only she would be helped to return Silesia.
Frederick II
One of the main surprises of the war was the sharply increased military power of Russia. Russian troops inflicted several heavy defeats on the "invincible" Prussian army, on the maintenance of which Frederick II spent fabulous means. In 1760, Russian troops even briefly entered Berlin, the capital of Prussia. But the very next year, under the name of Peter III, the Holstein duke Karl Peter Ullrich, the grandson of Peter I, entered the Russian throne. war.
As a result of the Seven Years War, European borders remained unchanged. However, England did not manage to get large French possessions in India and simply gigantic ones in North America - Canada and Louisiana. This brought about a decisive turning point in the rivalry between England and France. England became the leading trading and colonial power in the world. By the end of the era of Louis XV (reigned in 1715-1774), France had noticeably weakened not only from wars. The country's economy could hardly bear the constantly growing costs of maintaining the royal court and the highest aristocracy.
Without giving Russia any specific acquisitions, the Seven Years War significantly strengthened its authority in Europe. From now on, the influence of the Russian Empire on international affairs began to grow steadily. Two Russian-Turkish wars soon followed (1768–1774 and 1787–1791), as a result of which Russia received important lands for it in the Northern Black Sea region and in the Caucasus. This gave the empire the opportunity to create a powerful fleet on the Black Sea and practically decided in its favor the long-standing rivalry with Turkey.
What, in your opinion, were the main results of the Seven Years War for the further history of Europe?
Partitions of Poland
Against the background of the emergence of the bourgeois order in a number of European countries, Poland's backwardness became more and more noticeable. By the middle of the 18th century. this state found itself in a secondary position. Meanwhile, in addition to Polish, it also included Lithuanian, Ukrainian and Belarusian lands. The Polish and, to a lesser extent, the Lithuanian gentry (i.e., the nobility) were in a privileged position, and the peasants bore numerous duties. The Orthodox Ukrainian and Belarusian peasants had the hardest time: they experienced oppression both from the gentry and from the Catholic Church, which dominated Poland.
The latter became the reason for the intervention in the Polish affairs of the strengthened eastern neighbor - Russia. Back in 1767, she demanded that the Orthodox in Poland be equal in rights with the Catholics. The Polish authorities agreed, but part of the gentry opposed this. As a result, the Russian army entered Poland in 1772, easily breaking the resistance of the Polish troops. Empress Catherine II wanted to occupy all of Poland, but Russia did not have the strength for this at that moment: the main troops and navy were fighting another war with Turkey.
Meanwhile, Poland's western neighbors, Prussia and Austria, also had their own plans for it. Frederick II insisted on the allocation of "shares" from the weakened Poland for Prussia and Austria, and not just for Russia alone. Later, two more partitions of Poland took place (in 1793 and 1795), and for many years the country ceased to exist as an independent state. The monarchs of Russia, Prussia and Austria simply divided its territory among themselves. Russia got mainly Ukrainian, Belarusian and Lithuanian lands, while Prussia and Austria got Polish ones.
Europe in the second half of the 18th century
Find the designation of the partitions of Poland on the map. For which country (countries) were the results of these sections most beneficial? Explain your answer.
Let's sum up
During the wars of the XVIII century. the rivalry between England and France for trade, economic and military primacy in Europe and in the world as a whole was decided in favor of the British. The international position of Prussia, Austria, and especially Russia, which significantly expanded its borders in the west, strengthened the army and navy, noticeably strengthened.
Stability - constancy, stability, the ability to successfully withstand various surprises. 1700 -1721 - North War.1701 – 1714 - War of the Spanish Succession.
1756 -1763 - Seven Years War.
1772 , 1793 and 1795 - three partitions of Poland.
“If you like someone’s province, then take it for yourself. There will always be a sufficient number of historians and lawyers who will undertake to prove that you had historical rights to it. "(This is what Frederick II, King of Prussia, advised other monarchs in the middle of the 18th century)
1. Why exactly in modern times (and not earlier or later) in relations between states began to strengthen the norms of international law? What was the reason for this process and when, in your opinion, did it begin (approximately)?
2 *. What did not allow England and France (for example, during the wars for the Polish, and then for the Austrian inheritance) to be in the same group? Wasn't it more profitable to have a strong state as an ally than as an adversary?
3. Why did Russia's successes in the Seven Years War come as a complete surprise to other leading powers in Europe? Why didn't they see Russia as a serious rival (or partner) before?
4. How did it happen that the European powers, which had recently fought for one or the other throne, did not support Poland during the period of its partition? Why was Poland left to fend for itself?
1. Based on the materials of the textbook, fill in the table "Wars of the 18th century."
2. Polish thinker S. Konarsky in the early 1760s. wrote:
“We complain about unfair and often shamelessly corrupt courts, about perjury that have become almost a habit with impunity, about intolerable insults from the more noble and powerful, about the fact that there are many tyrants and tyranny over the weaker ones ... he does not think about a friend, if only he would feel good, and let the others perish ... The state treasury is poorer and worse organized than in many foreign towns. Trade in the country fell completely ... The serfs became extremely impoverished. Cities and townships were ruined ... Boundless despair throughout the country from the fact that it will never be better and cannot be ... "
Please rate the given words. To what extent did the situation that Konarsky writes about influenced the further fate of Poland?
3. Divide into three groups, each of which will defend the particular importance of wars for Europe: for the Spanish inheritance; for the Polish inheritance; for the Austrian inheritance. Give reasons for your position. Discuss your findings.
This text is an introductory fragment. From the book To the beginning. History of the Russian Empire the author Geller Mikhail YakovlevichA new map of Europe If we want to move forward, we must have a goal that we have not yet achieved. But in order to continually progress, we must be able to set ourselves a goal that can never be achieved. Adam Czartoryski In September 1802, having signed
the author Bokhanov Alexander Nikolaevich From the book World History: in 6 volumes. Volume 2: Medieval Civilizations of the West and East the author Team of authorsPOLITICAL MAP OF THE REGION AND MODELS OF THE STATE ORGANIZATION Approximately until the second half of the XIII century. over most of the territory of continental Southeast Asia, control of the four main powers remained, which had formed in an earlier period (by the 10th century):
From the book History of the Middle Ages. Volume 1 [In two volumes. Edited by S. D. Skazkin] the author Skazkin Sergey Danilovich§ 1. POLITICAL MAP OF EUROPE IN IX-XI centuries. Change of the political map of Europe During the IX-XI centuries. feudalism took root in most of the countries of Western Europe. By the end of the early Middle Ages, instead of numerous barbarian kingdoms, more or less stable
From the book The Old Order and Revolution the author de Tocqueville AlexisChapter XII That, despite the progress of civilization, the position of the French peasant in the 18th century was sometimes worse than in the 13th century. In the 18th century, the French peasant could no longer be a victim of petty feudal despots. Only occasionally did he become a target for encroachments from
From the book World History: in 6 volumes. Volume 4: Peace in the 18th century the author Team of authorsGEOPOLITICAL STRUCTURE OF EUROPE IN THE XVIII CENTURY The results of the two wars that opened the century led to a radical change in the geopolitical situation in Europe. Having received a rebuff from the united forces of Western European states, France could no longer count on
From the book Volume 1. Diplomacy from ancient times to 1872. the author Potemkin Vladimir PetrovichPolitical map of Europe in the 16th century. A new era in the history of diplomacy was prepared by those successes of capitalist development that have become noticeable in Europe since the time of the great discoveries. Simultaneously with these successes, there was a political consolidation
From the book World History. Volume 1. Stone Age the author Badak Alexander NikolaevichSumer political map at the beginning of the 3rd millennium BC e At the beginning of the III millennium BC. NS. on the territory of Mesopotamia there were several dozen small city-states, and their political unification was still waiting in the wings. The cities of Sumer, built on the hills and
From the book Volume 6. Revolutions and national wars. 1848-1870. Part of atoray author Lavisse ErnestMAP OF EUROPE 1871
From the book General History in Questions and Answers the author Tkachenko Irina Valerievna2. What did the political map of Europe look like in the early Middle Ages (late V-mid-11th century)? A significant part of Europe in the 5th century. was part of a vast state - the Roman Empire, which by this period of time was in a state of deep decline. Roman Empire
From the book History of modern times. Crib the author Alekseev Viktor Sergeevich34. POLITICAL MAP OF EUROPE IN THE XVIII century The influence of two wars - "Northern" and for the "Spanish inheritance" - on the formation of the political map of Europe in the XVIII century. The political map of Europe in the XVIII century underwent repeated changes. Great influence on the formation of political
From the book History under the question mark the author Gabovich Evgeny YakovlevichMap of Central Europe Schedel's Chronicle ends with a map, which in the book relates to Germany and the lands in which the German nation settled. I would say that it represents countries and areas in which or in the vicinity of which people spoke one of the
From the book Russia in Historical Portraits the author Klyuchevsky Vasily OsipovichMap of the Russian land in the 9th century About half of the 10th century, according to the testimony of Konstantin Porphyrogenitus, the Pechenegs roamed at a distance of one day's journey from Rus, that is, from the Kiev region. If Vladimir built cities along the river. Stugne (right tributary of the Dnieper), hence the fortified southern
From the book History of Russia from ancient times to the end of the 17th century the author Sakharov Andrey Nikolaevich§ 1. Political map of Eastern Europe at the end of the XIV century. Two centers of unification of Russian principalities Up to the beginning of the 60s of the XIV century. the largest (in terms of territory) and the strongest (in terms of material capabilities and military potential) state in Eastern Europe (and maybe Europe
From the book General History [Civilization. Modern concepts. Facts, events] the author Olga DmitrievaThe Peace of Westphalia and the New Map of Europe The peace concluded in 1648 reflected a new balance of power in Europe. He consolidated the status of the newly formed states that fought for their independence, and defined the boundaries between the rival parties. Political map of the continent
From the book General History. History of Modern Times. 7th grade the author Burin Sergei Nikolaevich§ 19. Political map of Europe and the world in the XVIII century. New features in the foreign policy of European countries in the XVII century. for Europe was rich in turbulent events: the English Revolution, the Thirty Years' War, the military rivalry between England and Holland, France and Spain ... To a certain extent
Tartary or Great Tartary (Latin Tataria, Tataria Magna; English Tartary, Great Tartary, sometimes Grand Tartary; French Tartarie) is a term used in Western European literature during the Middle Ages and up to the 18th century to designate the Great Steppe - vast territories between Central Asia, the Caspian Sea, the Ural Mountains and the Pacific Ocean. The name of Tartary has nothing to do with the name of the Turkic tribes. When foreigners asked the inhabitants of this country about who they were, the answer was: "We are the children of Tarkh and Tara" - brother and sister, who were, according to the ideas of the ancient Slavs, the guardians of the Russian land. Great Tartary is the largest country in the world, as it is said about it in the first edition of the British Encyclopedia of 1771.
Map of 1754 "I-e Carte de l" Asie "
On the map, the border of Tartary with China runs along the Great Wall of China. At the same time, the southern part of the wall is higher than the northern one, and the loopholes are also facing south, so it becomes clear who was defending against whom with this wall.
18th century map -
"L" Asie dresse sur les observations de l "Academie Royale des Sciences et quelques
autres, et Sur les memoires les plus recens. Amsterdam. Chez R. & J. Ottens " 
West of the Volga we see "European Muscovy" - Moscovie Europeane: 
Map made in Paris in 1670. 
Detail of a map of North America from the Encyclopedia Britannica of 1771. 
A huge white spot is visible covering most of the N American continent.
Map of Europe from the Encyclopedia Britannica of the 18th century.
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Map of Asia from the Encyclopedia Britannica of the 18th century. 
Russian map of Asia 1737 
Hessel Geretis 1613-1614 
Tartary - Edition by Guillaume de Lille 1707-1709 
General card of Siberia and Great Tartary 1670-1680 
Russia and Scandinavia Nicholas Whisker 1660 
Map of V. Kiprianov "Image of the Earth's Globe", 1707 Western Hemisphere. 
Map of V. Kiprianov "Image of the Earth's Globe", 1707 Eastern Hemisphere. 
A huge "blank spot" in the place of Siberia and the Far East.
On the bottom of the Siberian white spot there is only an inscription in large letters: Tartaria.
Map of V. Kiprianov "Image of the Earth's Globe", 1707 fragment. 
European part of Russia.
Map of V. Kiprianov "Image of the Earth's Globe", 1707 fragment. 
A huge "blank spot" on the site of North and Northwest America.
Map of Russia and Great Tataria. 1786 
The French inscription on top of the map reads: Carte de l "Empire de Russie & de la Grande Tartarie dressee avec soin par F.L. Gussefeld & publee par les Herit de Homann, l" an 1786.
For our ancient ancestors, the world was often limited to the land that surrounded and nourished them. But even the earliest human civilizations still tried to measure the scale of this world and made the first attempts at mapping.
It is believed that the first such map was created in Babylon more than 2500 years ago, and it shows the world outside the Babylonian kingdom in the form of poisonous waters and dangerous islands, where (they believed) people could not survive.
Over time, the maps gradually became larger in scale as people grew more knowledgeable about what lay outside the Mediterranean. With the beginning of the era of wandering and exploration in the 15th century, the concept of the vision of the world changed, the East began to appear on the maps, a huge unexplored ocean appeared in the place of America. And with the return of Columbus, the maps of the world began to take on a form that is already understandable to us, modern people.
1. The oldest known map of the world from Babylon (6th century BC). At the center of the world is the Babylonian kingdom itself. There is a "bitter river" around him. Seven points across the river are islands that cannot be reached.
2. World map of Hecateus of Miletus (5-6 century BC). Hecateus divides the world into three parts: Europe, Asia and Libya, located around the Mediterranean Sea. His world is a round disc surrounded by an ocean.
3. World map of Posidonius (2nd century BC). This map expands on the early Greek vision of the world, including the conquests of Alexander the Great.
4. World map of Pomponius Mela (43 AD)
5. Ptolemy's world map (150 AD). He was the first to add lines of latitude and longitude to the world map.
6. Peitinger's Tablet, 4th century Roman map showing the road network of the Roman Empire. The complete map is very long, showing lands from Iberia to India. In the center of the world, of course, Rome.
7. World map of Kozma Indikoplov (6th century AD). The world is depicted as a flat rectangle.
8. Later Christian map in the form of a multi-colored clover leaf, compiled by Heinrich Banting (Germany, 1581). In fact, she does not describe the world, or rather, according to this map, the world is a continuation of the Christian trinity, and Jerusalem is its center.
9. World map of Mahmud al-Kashgari (11th century). The world is centered around the ancient city of Balasagun, now the territory of Kyrgyzstan. This also includes places (countries) that are predicted to appear at the end of the world, such as Gog and Magog.
10. Map "Book of Roger" Al-Idrisi, compiled in 1154. It was created on the basis of information received from Arab traders who traveled around the world. At the time, it was the most accurate and extensive map of the world. Europe and Asia are already well visible, but from Africa so far there is only its northern part.
11. Hereford map of the world of the 14th century by a certain Richard of Haldingham. Jerusalem is in the center, East is above. The circle on the south side of the map is the Garden of Eden.
12. Chinese map "Da Ming Hunyi Tu" of the late 14th century. The World Through the Eyes of the Ming Dynasty Chinese. China, of course, dominates, and all of Europe is squeezed into a small space in the west.
13. Genoese map, compiled in 1457 based on the descriptions of Niccolò da Conti. This is how Europeans see the world and Asia after the opening of the first trade routes to Mongolia and China.
14. Projection of the Erdapfel Globe ("Earth Apple") by Martin Begeim (Germany, 1492). Erdapfel is the oldest known globe, showing the world as a sphere, but without America - instead of it there is still a huge ocean.
15. World map of Johann Ruysch, compiled in 1507. One of the first images of the New World.
16. Map of Martin Waldseemüller and Matthias Ringmann of 1507. It was the first map to call the New World "America". America looks like a thin strip of the east coast.
17. World map of Gerard van Shagen in 1689. By this time, most of the world has already been mapped, and only small parts of America are still empty.
18. Samuel Dunn's world map of 1794. By mapping the discoveries of Captain James Cook, Dunn became the first cartographer to depict our world as accurately as possible.
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20 January 2017 -December 7, 2016 -