How to correctly call cards. Peaks in the maps what were called before? Card suit peaks in ancient how to correctly call cards

All the favorite card games are firmly rooted in modern society. The deck of cards and a couple of good friends will help pass any leisure. It is no secret that people were invented by many exciting games using a deck of cards. Where did playing cards come from and what were the name before? Card suit of peaks is of interest both for lovers and professionals.

Go roots to China

Like many other vintage items, cards have fascinating, often received by myths and legends, history. Since they were invented a long time ago, no one is taken to say, from where they exactly happened. However, there are quite interesting facts that suggest that the cards first appeared in the Silk Empire. The Chinese Chinese dictionary says that playing cards are the ancient heritage of China, and that they received such widespread there.

According to this theory, four masters symbolized the seasons. Before the appearance of paper specimens, the ancient Chinese used "cards" from ivory, wood, and the Japanese are even from mussel sinks. In the thirteenth century, the fascinating "overseas game" became known in Egypt and India. Europe learned about her after another two centuries. Interesting the fact that the appearance of cards on its territory coincides with the arrival of Roma there.

What was the name before? Card suit peaks: history and meaning

European card options have no less interesting explanation. The most familiar materials for the modern player also have an individual story. How did the peak card be called in the old days? She often symbolized a spear or flower. Everything was less poetic - "shovel" in Russia. Such titles are likely to explain the form of the figure, symbolizing the suit, which is really something similar to the above-mentioned objects. But another name was popular in Russia in the old days. Peaks sometimes called guilt (grape leaves).

Although the maps themselves originated in China, France brought their changes to them. It was the French that added a master in a playing deck. Since then, this option has received worldwide distribution. As the story shows, initially, the masters symbolized the inalienable attributes of the knight - sword (Trephic), spear (peaks), shield (worms) and coat of arms (tambourines). Now it is not difficult to understand why the card to suit the peaks before. In India, these four images had a completely different value. Each suit was a symbol of a certain class - nobility, merchants, clergy and, of course, royal power.

Maps and royal yard

By the way, about the kings. Card games were more than popular. Not so long ago it became known that even in the royal palaces they flourished the chairs. The kings themselves were resorted to this "innocent tricks", which is quite difficult to fit in the head of a simple people. As now, I used to talk about fairly large amounts of money.

Gambling players were often played in the fluff and dust and also turned out to be in debt. Given this state of affairs, the first bans for gambling began to appear, which significantly reduced the number of avid cheelers.

Deck of the XXI century

Each self-respecting player should know the history of his passion, including cards. What were they? What was the name before? Card suit of peaks by itself has an interesting story, not to mention others.

Many are also interested in the question of who became the author of famous images? To date, the cards have a fairly modern appearance, although they are made according to the sketches of the Chalmemanny, who invented these drawings in the past century. Although now cards are available almost to everyone, there are expensive decks of world brands that are intended mainly for poker or breeches. After passing several thousand years of history, they were modified and came in the twenty-first century exactly what they know today. Now for many, the origin of the cards is completely irrelevant: where did they come from and what they were called before. Card suit of peaks (like worms, trephies and tambourines) passed the fascinating path and deserves close attention.

You may not be playing Pokemon Gou - I believe; not watched by any series of "Games of Thrones" - easily; But it is not enough likely that you have never kept playing cards in your hands. They are common so that everyone has been known since childhood and is almost every apartment (if you do not have, loot in the comments, it is interesting to calculate).

Playing cards, as we just did not call suit. For example, both peaks, peaks, peaks, and peaks, and peak, and bubes, and tambourines, and a tambourine ...

So, if everything was played in the cards, then they were correctly called units.

How are card suit correctly called.

Table 1. Declination of the names of the masters (the only number)

Regulatory vocabulary

Paide	Suit ♠	Suit ♣	Suit ♦	Suit
Nominative	peak	trefa	bubne	cherva
Genitive	peaks	clubs	diamonds	hearts
Dative	peak	thief.	bubne	cherwe.
Accusative	peak	thuf.	bubne	chervel.
Instrumental	pick	trefoy	buban	chervoy
Prepositional	peak	thief.	bubne	cherwe.

Spoken vocabulary

Paide	Maste ♠	Maste ♣	Suit ♦	Suit
Nominative	wines	cross	buba	-
Genitive	viny	cross	bube	-
Dative	wine	cross	boube	-
Accusative	blame	cross	boo Boo	-
Instrumental	wine	cross	bob	-
Prepositional	wine	cross	boube	-

Table 2. Declination of the names of the strings (multiple number)

Regulatory vocabulary

Paide	Maste ♠	Maste ♣	Suit ♦	Suit
Nominative	peaks	clubs	diamonds	hearts worms
Genitive	peak	tref.	tambourine	cherv chervey
Dative	peaks	trefam	bubnes	worm hearts
Accusative	peaks	clubs	diamonds	worms chervami
Instrumental	peaks	trephami	bubne	chervam. worms
Prepositional	peaks	three	tubah	chervakh worms

Spoken vocabulary

Paide	Maste ♠	Maste ♣	Suit ♦	Suit
Nominative	viny	cross	bube	-
Genitive	wine	cross	bubay	-
Dative	wines	crescents	bubam	-
Accusative	viny	cross	bube	-
Instrumental	wines	crescents	bubia	-
Prepositional	wines	crescents	bubah	-

Table 3. Declination of the adjectives formed from the names of the masters (the only number)

Regulatory vocabulary

Paide	Maste ♠	Maste ♣	Suit ♦	Suit
Nominative	peak	trephic	bubne	chervoy chervoy
Genitive	peak	trephian	bubnova	chervoe chervonny
Dative	peak	trefovo	bubnova	chervoy chervonne
Accusative	peak	trephian	bubnova	chervoe chervonny
Instrumental	peak	trefov	bubnov	chervov chervonny
Prepositional	peak	trefov	bubnov	chervoy chervonne

Table 4. Declination of the adjectives formed from the names of the masters (multiple number)

Regulatory vocabulary

Paide	Maste ♠	Maste ♣	Suit ♦	Suit
Nominative	peak	trephic	bubnovy	chervoy chervonny
Genitive	peak	trephic	bubnovy	chervoy chervonny
Dative	peak	trefov	bubnov	chervov chervonny
Accusative	peak	trephic	bubnovy	chervoy chervonny
Instrumental	peak	trephic	bubnovy	chervov chervonny
Prepositional	peak	trephic	bubnovy	chervoy chervonny

And immediately warned the reader from excitement about the correct pronunciation. The main thing is that opponents understand you. And so that you know how to play cards. And no point usually ruins.

We will talk about the etymology of the strings separately.

By the way, cardas have a lot of names: Vini-Peaks, Cutting, Treft, Bubnes, Cherry
In English, the cards are called very logical: Heart - Cherry, Diamonds - Bubnes, Cross - Cross, Spades - Peaks
In Italy, Spain and Portugal, for example, instead of ordinary texts, there were a very long bowl, coins, swords (swords) and shelves.
In Russia, the maps came from Germany, through Poland. Therefore, the masters were called in Polish for a long time, so red (in Polish, Chervone) spent in the "Chervel". Vini - old peaks were called, because for a long time, a grape vine was depicted. Soon, a French mesh came, and they called and painted a suit differently: Pigue, Treffe


• As far as I know, the type of women, as well as men, is determined on the basis of their nature, behavior and reaction to stimuli. But so that the cards are determined ... For me, this is a complete nonsense.

  The Holiday whistle is based on historical events, the battle in 1392. When many Ustyugian warriors mistaken in the night darkness were beaten by Vyatchan. During the whistle, the tents are set up near the tombstone, sold special, made precisely to this day clay horses, whistles with rattles, balls and various delicacies. Then the children play in dolls, constantly whistle, or becoming on both sides of the RVA, as if in an offensive position, throw into each other with the balls, as if in a reminder of the military error of ancestors and each slip was accompanied by a whistle. Whistle there is an ordinary expression, mishai "...

  Do you look miracles? \u003d))))))))))

  Bubnovaya lady .. What is the multilateral ... I'll buy myself a bubbence earrings ... well, like any lady, I have my Joker, for which I- Ace.))))

  Dzhenny you chronovo play cards ...

  And you have a damn fantasy

• Even thinking about it I don't want it for the father! \u003d \\\\\\

  Color plays an important role in animal survival. Therefore, for wild species, it is similar to the shades of their habitat (patronage color). For example, Kulans, Onagra, Kiangi do not have a wide "palette" of strings, but they have a wide variety of sophisticated shades of the main, inherent earthly sand-and-brown color. The suit also depends on natural conditions, and on the time of year. It is determined by the color of the skin of the animal and covering it, the length of the woolen cover, the distribution of air in the voids of the hair.

  The main masters of horses have long been recognized by four Voronai, Glove, Redhead and Gray. Another Hippocrat (460-377 BC) determined the quality of horses on them. Combinations of these masters and their shades form other suites.

  In the literature of recent years there is already a decaying of the 14 main masters of Bulanaya
  brown
  verya
  hen
  playful
  Isabella
  carak
  mouse
  peg
  redhead
  saving
  gray
  salt
  Chubarai.
  Many of them have shades, so in horse breeding practice there are more than 30 names of the masters, not counting notes.
  According to the theory of research materials developed by Russian scientists N.A. Yurasov, V.O.Vittt, D.A. Kislovsky, all the masses of horses are reduced to the so-called epistatic (cozdled) row, in which the action of the allelic pair of genes of the strings is suppressed by the genome of the pair of them. In this case, the epistatic (overwhelming) gene cannot manifest itself in the absence of a certain set of hypostatic (suppressed) deposit. The epistatic row begins with red color as the simplest (PP). Then the crow goes (it cannot form without pigments, and therefore epistatic (cozen) relative to the red-made musters), then - the bore and boulane ...
  First of all, it should be borne in mind that the suit is not just a color or shade, but a certain combination of colors, type of color with a certain character of the distribution of pigments.
  Mashy horses call skin color and hair color. If the skin color is dark, dark hair usually grow on it, and if the pink (taper), then white hair and hooves grow, light color. There are exceptions, for example, light gray horses often have dark skin.
  The suit of horses is determined by the pigment melanin. The amount of pigment depends on the ratio of the dioxiphenylanine and the enzyme of the skin. The larger the body produces the enzyme (dampoxidase) with a constant amount of dioxiphenylanine, the stronger the separate pigment grain is painted. The number of pigment grains that are laid in each hair and the spread of pigment spots in the cortical layer can vary. The type of pigmentation and its localization in the body is determined by genetically.
  In Russia, the classification and nomenclature of the masters, developed at the All-Russian Research Institute of Sweetheart, was adopted.
  In general, suit can be divided into background and composite. The latter are obtained when adding different white-colored impurities to the background; They are mixed (gray and chaluen) and spotted (Pegaya and Chubaraya).
  Background masters are divided into zonal and unnomal. Zonal suit (mouse, saving, couyurai) are approaching the color of wild horses. It is characterized by uneven fading coloring with a smooth transition from very light, whitish color on the stomach and inner sides of the legs to a saturated dirty shade on the head, neck, withers, back, cereal.

  In Russian, there are many designations for horse masters and their varieties. However, such words as "chagevera" or "Mukhorty" can be found only in antique dictionaries; The modern bonds use only about 17 names of the masters. But this list is more than many European peoples. Perhaps partly therefore, our customer classification is somewhat different from the accepted abroad. After all, there is a lot depends on the tradition of language. For example, in English, French, German there are no differences between Savras and Bula Masters and there is no Kauralya, and the Glyces, the Red and Crow, are perceived by the French and the Italians as three completely different suit, and not a variety of one and the same, moreover Crowon-child is mixed with gray.
  Sometimes "incomprehensible" words will go up to borrowing among the peoples who had a great influence on the formation of the language and culture of this country. Thus, the Latin word Badius (chestnut, the heater) served as the basis for the name of the noody of suit in many Romanesque languages \u200b\u200b- Italian, Spanish, French. Perhaps the Latin origin in these languages \u200b\u200bof the words denoting the oven-chally suit. For Spain, the dominion of the Mavrov, famous horsemen: the roots of the words Alezan (Redhead) and Overo (one of the types of pegs of Masta) are considered to be Arabic, and the French adopted these words from the Spaniards.
  At the same time, many Russian masters names are ancient borrowings in Turkic peoples. For example, the word "canoe" is akin to Tatar "Cowur" ("Karya"). Probably, the Turkic roots also have the word "savras", although its origin remains in many ways unclear; He is associated with the Turkic "Sap Sarah" - "pure-yellow".
  http://www.horseportal.ru/tentsiklopediya-loshadey/masti.html.
  http://img1.liveinternet.ru/images/attach/b/2/24/313/24313835_masti.jpg

How to correctly call cards

There are many serious discrepancies in the names of the cardas for today. For example, can I say: worm or worm? And how is it correct?
There are three views on this problem. The first, it is the look of classical Russian literature in the works of Pushkin, Tolstoy, Turgenev, Gogol, Dostoevsky and other famous Russian writers. The second look is a Soviet language practice and the third opinion is modern slang. Many well-known books on card play games offer to use the names of the masters, which are indicated in the classical literature, other well-known authors believe that you need to use terms from Soviet times. My personal opinion is to use the names of cardas that people want to use during the game. These can any name with any declines. And then what names were used for the name of the cards, it is better to leave for historians for historians, let it be recorded in the reference literature.
Below I will give several tables of case forms of the names of cardas of regulatory and conversational vocabulary.

Table 1. Declination of the names of the masters (the only number)

Regulatory vocabulary

Paide	Suit ♠	Suit ♣	Suit ♦	Suit
Nominative	peak	Trefa	Bubne	Cherva
Genitive	Peaks	Clubs	Diamonds	Hearts
Dative	peak	Thief.	Bubne	Cherwe.
Accusative	peak	Thuf.	Bubne	Chervel.
Instrumental	Pick	Trefoy	Buban	Chervoy
Prepositional	peak	Thief.	Bubne	Cherwe.

Spoken vocabulary

Paide	Suit ♠	Suit ♣	Suit ♦	Suit
Nominative	Wines	Cross	Buba
Genitive	Viny	Cross	Bube
Dative	Wine	Cross	Boube
Accusative	Blame	Cross	Boo Boo
Instrumental	Wine	Cross	Bob
Prepositional	Wine	Cross	Boube

Table 2. Declination of the names of the strings (multiple number)

Suit

Nominative

Peaks

Clubs

Diamonds

Hearts

Worms

Genitive

peak

Tref.

Tambourine

Cherv

Chervey

Dative

Peaks

Trefam

Bubnes

Worm

Hearts

Accusative

Peaks

Clubs

Diamonds

Worms

Chervami

Instrumental

Peaks

Trephami

Bubne

Chervam.

Worms

Prepositional

Peaks

Three

Tubah

Chervakh

Worms

Spoken vocabulary

Paide	Suit ♠	Suit ♣	Suit ♦	Suit
Nominative	Viny	Cross	Bube
Genitive	Wine	Cross	Bubay
Dative	Wines	Crescents	Bubam
Accusative	Viny	Cross	Bube
Instrumental	Wines	Crescents	Bubia
Prepositional	Wines	Crescents	Bubah

Table 3. Declination of the adjectives formed from the names of the masters (the only number)

Suit

Nominative

Peak

Trephic

Bubne

Chervoy

Chervoy

Genitive

Peak

Trephian

Bubnova

Chervoe

Chervonny

Dative

Peak

Trefovo

Bubnova

Chervoy

Chervonne

Accusative

Peak

Trephian

Bubnova

Chervoe

Chervonny

Instrumental

Peak

Trefov

Bubnov

Chervov

Chervonny

Prepositional

Peak

Trefov

Bubnov

Chervoy

Chervonne

Table 4. Declination of the adjectives formed from the names of the masters (multiple number)

Suit

Nominative

Peak

Trephic

Bubnovy

Chervoy

Chervonny

Genitive

Peak

Trephic

Bubnovy

Chervoy

Chervonny

Dative

Peak

Trefov

Bubnov

Chervov

Chervonny

Accusative

Peak

Trephic

Bubnovy

Chervoy

Chervonny

Instrumental

Peak

Trephic

Bubnovy

Chervov

Chervonny

Prepositional

Peak

Trephic

Bubnovy

Chervoy

Chervonny

In Russia, outdated names of cardas were called: peaks - a peak, a peak, a peak; Trephs - Trifica, Trefonka, Trefonochka; Bubnes - Bubnovoy, Bubnouschka, Bubnik, Bubenka; Black - fats, fat, fat. Spacious forms: peaks, trephies, peaks, trephing. Spoken forms: peaks - guilt, viny; Trephists - Cross, Crosses, Zlaudi; Worms - Cherries, Fats; Bubnes - Bubni, Bubi, calls.
In Germany, masters have the following values: peaks - shovels; Trephs - batons; Cherry hearts; Bubnes - diamonds.
In Spain, card suits mean: peaks - swords; Trephs - coins; Cherries - swords, tambourines - bowls.
In France, the names of the masters are similar to our names: peaks - peaks; Treft - a tribal; Cherry hearts; Bubnes - tiles.