What is the name of the peak. What is the correct name for the card suits. How to name card suits correctly

How to call it correctly card suits

There are many serious discrepancies in the names of card suits today. For example, you can say: heart or heart? And what is actually correct?
There are three ways of looking at this problem. The first is the view of classical Russian literature in the works of Pushkin, Tolstoy, Turgenev, Gogol, Dostoevsky and other famous Russian writers. The second look is Soviet language practice and the third is modern slang. Many well-known authors of books on card games suggest using suit names, which are indicated in the classical literature, other well-known authors believe that it is necessary to use terms from the Soviet era. My personal opinion is to use the names of card suits that people want to use during the game. It can be any name with any declension. And what names were used for the names of card suits is better left for historians, let it be written down in the reference literature.
Below I will give several tables of case forms of the names of card suits of normative and colloquial vocabulary.

Table 1. Declension of names of suits (singular)

Normative vocabulary

Case	Suit ♠	Suit ♣	Suit ♦	Suit
Nominative	peak	Trefa	Tambourine	Cherva
Genitive	peaks	Clubs	Diamonds	Hearts
Dative	pique	Trefe	Tambourine	Worm
Accusative	peak	Trefu	Tambourine	Worm
Instrumental	lance	Trefoil	Tambourine	Worm
Prepositional	pique	Trefe	Tambourine	Worm

Colloquial vocabulary

Case	Suit ♠	Suit ♣	Suit ♦	Suit
Nominative	Guilt	Cross	Booba
Genitive	Vinnie	Baptize	Booby
Dative	Guilt	Cross	Boobet
Accusative	Blame	The cross	Boo Boo
Instrumental	The fault	Cross	Booboi
Prepositional	Guilt	Cross	Boobet

Table 2. Declension of names of suits (plural)

Suit

Nominative

Peaks

Clubs

Diamonds

Hearts

Worms

Genitive

peak

Club

Tambourine

Worm

Worms

Dative

Peakam

Clubs

Tambourines

Worms

Hearts

Accusative

Peaks

Clubs

Diamonds

Worms

Chervami

Instrumental

Peaks

Clubs

Tambourines

Chervam

Worms

Prepositional

Pikach

Clubs

Tambourines

Chervakh

Worms

Colloquial vocabulary

Case	Suit ♠	Suit ♣	Suit ♦	Suit
Nominative	Vinnie	Baptize	Booby
Genitive	Vin	Baptize	Bubey
Dative	Wines	To the peasants	Bubyam
Accusative	Vinnie	Baptize	Booby
Instrumental	Wines	Crosses	Bubyami
Prepositional	Guilt	Crests	Bubyakh

Table 3. Declination of adjectives formed from the names of suits (singular)

Suit

Nominative

Peak

Clubs

Tambourine

Hearts

Chervonny

Genitive

Peak

Trefovoy

Of Diamonds

Chervovoi

Chervonny

Dative

Peak

Trefovoy

Tambourine

Chervovoi

Chervonny

Accusative

Peak

Trefovoy

Of Diamonds

Chervovoi

Chervonny

Instrumental

Pikov

Trefov

Bubnov

Chervov

Chervonny

Prepositional

Peak

Trefov

Bubnov

Chervov

Chervonny

Table 4. Declensions of adjectives derived from the names of suits (plural)

Suit

Nominative

Peak

Clubs

Diamonds

hearts

chervonny

Genitive

Peak

Trefovykh

Bubnov

hearts

chervonny

Dative

Pikov

Trefov

Bubnov

hearts

chervonnoe

Accusative

Peak

Clubs

Diamonds

hearts

chervonny

Instrumental

Peak

Clubs

Diamonds

hearts

chervonnoe

Prepositional

Peak

Trefovykh

Bubnov

hearts

chervonny

In Russia, the outdated names of card suits were called: spades - pichka, pikovochka, pikushka; clubs - trefushka, trefonka, trefonochka; tambourines - tambourine, tambourine, tambourine, tambourine; worm - fats, fat, fat. Common forms: lances, clubs, lances, clubs. Conversational forms: peaks - blame, blame; clubs - crosses, crosses, zhludi; worms - worms, fats; tambourines - tambourines, tambourines, bells.
In Germany, the suits have the following meanings: spades - shovels; clubs - clubs; hearts - hearts; tambourines are diamonds.
In Spain, card suits mean: spades - swords; clubs - coins; hearts - swords, tambourines - bowls.
In France, the names of the suits are similar to our names: spades - spades; clubs - trefoil; hearts - hearts; tambourines - tiles.

Everyone's favorite card games are firmly rooted in modern society. A deck of cards and a couple of good friends will help while away any leisure time. It's no secret that people have invented many exciting games using a deck of cards. Where did they come from playing cards and what were they called earlier? The spades card suit is of interest to both amateurs and professionals.

Rooted in China

Like many other ancient objects, the cards have a fascinating history, often covered with myths and legends. Since they were invented a long time ago, no one dares to say where they came from exactly. However, there are quite Interesting Facts which suggest that cards first appeared in the Silk Empire. The ancient Chinese dictionary says that playing cards are an ancient heritage of China, and that it was there that they became so widespread.

According to this theory, the four suits symbolized the seasons. Before the appearance of paper copies, the ancient Chinese used "cards" from ivory, wood, and the Japanese even from mussel shells. In the thirteenth century, the fascinating "overseas game" became known in Egypt and India. Europe learned about it two centuries later. An interesting fact is that the appearance of maps on its territory coincides with the arrival of gypsies there.

What were they called before? Card suit of spades: history and meaning

The European versions of the maps have their own interesting explanation. The suits that are familiar to the modern player also have an individual history. What was the name of the spades card suit in the old days? She often symbolized a spear or a flower. In Russia everything was much less poetic - "shovel". Such names are most likely explained by the shape of the figure, symbolizing the suit, which is really somewhat similar to the aforementioned objects. But one more name was popular in Russia in the old days. The peaks were sometimes called guilt (grape leaves).

Although the maps themselves originated in China, France has brought its own changes to them. It was the French who added the suits to playing deck... Since then, this option has gained worldwide distribution. As history testifies, initially the suits symbolized the inalienable attributes of a knight - a sword (clubs), a spear (spades), a shield (worms) and a coat of arms (tambourines). Now it is not difficult to understand why the spades card suit was called that way before. In India, these four images had a very different meaning. Each suit was a symbol of a certain class - nobility, merchants, clergy and, of course, royalty.

Maps and the royal court

By the way, about the kings. Card games were more than popular with them. Not so long ago it became known that even in the royal palaces cheating flourished. The kings themselves resorted to this "innocent trick", which was rather difficult for the common people to understand. Both now and before, we could talk about rather large sums of money.

Gamblers were often lost to smithereens, and besides, they ended up in debt. Given this state of affairs, the first bans on gambling, which significantly reduced the number of avid cheats.

21st century deck

Every self-respecting player should know the history of his hobby, including cards. What were they like? What were they called before? The spades card suit itself has interesting story, not to mention others.

Many are also interested in the question of who became the author of the famous images? Today, the cards have a rather modern look, although they are made according to the sketches of Charlemagne, who invented these drawings in the last century. Although cards are available to almost everyone nowadays, there are expensive decks of global brands that are mainly intended for poker or bridge. Having passed several millennia of history, they changed and came to the twenty-first century exactly as they are known today. Now for many, the origin of the cards does not matter at all: where they originated from and how they were called before. The card suit of spades (like hearts, clubs and diamonds) has come a fascinating journey and deserves close attention.

You may not be playing Pokemon Go - I believe; have not watched a single episode of "Game of Thrones" - easily; but it is unlikely that you have never held a playing card in your hands. They are so common that they are known to everyone from childhood and are in almost every apartment (if you don't have one, beckon in the comments, it's interesting to count).

Playing cards, as we just did not call the suits. For example, peaks, and a peak, and a peak, and a pick, and a peak, and a diamonds, and a tambourine, and a tambourine ...

So, if everyone was playing cards, then only a few were correctly named.

What is the correct name for the card suits.

Table 1. Declension of names of suits (singular)

Normative vocabulary

Case	Suit ♠	Suit ♣	Suit ♦	Suit
Nominative	peak	clubs	tambourine	worm
Genitive	peaks	clubs	diamonds	hearts
Dative	pique	club	tambourine	worm
Accusative	peak	club	tambourine	worm
Instrumental	lance	club	tambourine	worm
Prepositional	pique	club	tambourine	worm

Colloquial vocabulary

Case	Suit ♠	Suit ♣	Suit ♦	Suit
Nominative	guilt	cross	booba	-
Genitive	blame	baptize	bubi	-
Dative	fault	cross	boob	-
Accusative	guilt	cross	boo Boo	-
Instrumental	fault	cross	booey	-
Prepositional	fault	cross	boob	-

Table 2. Declension of names of suits (plural)

Normative vocabulary

Case	Suit ♠	Suit ♣	Suit ♦	Suit
Nominative	peaks	clubs	diamonds	hearts worms
Genitive	peak	clubs	tambourine	worm worms
Dative	peaks	clubs	tambourines	worms hearts
Accusative	peaks	clubs	diamonds	worms hearts
Instrumental	peaks	clubs	tambourines	witch worms
Prepositional	peaks	clubs	tambourines	hearts worms

Colloquial vocabulary

Case	Suit ♠	Suit ♣	Suit ♦	Suit
Nominative	blame	baptize	bubi	-
Genitive	wines	baptize	bubey	-
Dative	wines	crosses	diamonds	-
Accusative	blame	baptize	bubi	-
Instrumental	wines	crosses	diamonds	-
Prepositional	wines	crosses	diamonds	-

Table 3. Declination of adjectives formed from the names of suits (singular)

Normative vocabulary

Case	Suit ♠	Suit ♣	Suit ♦	Suit
Nominative	peak	club	tambourine	heart chervonny
Genitive	peak	of clubs	tambourine	worm chervonny
Dative	peak	club	tambourine	worm chervonnoe
Accusative	peak	of clubs	tambourine	worm chervonny
Instrumental	peak	of clubs	tambourine	hearts chervonnoe
Prepositional	peak	club	tambourine	hearts chervonnoe

Table 4. Declensions of adjectives derived from the names of suits (plural)

Normative vocabulary

Case	Suit ♠	Suit ♣	Suit ♦	Suit
Nominative	peak	clubs	tambourines	hearts chervonny
Genitive	peak	of clubs	of tambourines	hearts chervonny
Dative	peak	of clubs	tambourine	hearts chervonnoe
Accusative	peak	clubs	tambourines	hearts chervonny
Instrumental	peak	clubs	tambourines	hearts chervonnoe
Prepositional	peak	of clubs	of tambourines	hearts chervonny

And I will immediately warn the reader not to worry about the correct pronunciation. The main thing is that your opponents understand you. And so that you can play cards. And not a point usually ruins.

We will talk about the etymology of the suits separately.

By the way, card suits have many names: vinyl spades, crosses-clubs, tambourines, hearts
IN English language cards are called very logically: heart - hearts, diamonds - tambourines, cross - crosses, spades - spades
In Italy, Spain and Portugal, for example, instead of the usual suits, bowls, coins, swords (swords) and shelves were used for a very long time.
The cards came to Russia from Germany, through Poland. Therefore, for a long time the suits were called in Polish, so the red (in Polish, chervony) became the "worm". Vini - the old peaks - were so called because for a long time a vine was depicted on them. Soon, the French trend came, and they called and painted the suits differently: Pigue, Treffe


• As far as I know, the type of women, as well as men, is determined based on their character, behavior and reaction to stimuli. But to be determined by the cards ... For me, this is utter nonsense.

  The festival of whistling is based on historical events, the battle in 1392, when many Ustyuzhan soldiers were mistakenly beaten by the Vyatchans in the darkness of the night. During the whistle dance, tents are set up near the tombstone chapel, special clay horses made for this particular day, whistles with rattles, balls and various delicacies are sold. Then the children play with dolls, whistle constantly, or, standing on both sides of the ditch, as if in an offensive position, throw balls at each other, as if in a reminder of the military mistake of their ancestors, and every mistake is accompanied by a whistle. whistle is a common expression, LOST "...

  Looking at the field of miracles? =))))))))))

  Lady of Diamonds ... because it is versatile ... I will buy myself bell earrings ... Well, like any lady, I have my own joker, for which I am an ace.))))

  Dzhenny you chronically play cards ...

  And you have a shitty fantasy

• I don't even want to think about it, what kind of father is this! = \\\

  Color plays an important role in the survival of animals. Therefore, for wild species, it is similar to the shades of their habitat (protective color). For example, kulans, onagers, kiangs do not have a wide "palette" of colors, but they have a wide variety of refined shades of the basic earthy-sandy-brown color inherent in them. The color also depends on natural conditions and on the season. It is determined by the color of the skin of the animal and the hair covering it, the length of the coat, the distribution of air in the voids of the hair.

  The main colors of horses have long been recognized as four black, bay, red and gray. Even Hippocrates (460-377 BC) determined the qualities of horses by them. Combinations of these suits and their shades form other suits.

  In literature recent years there is already an isolation of 14 basic colors of the bulan
  brown
  black
  bay,
  playful,
  isabella,
  karakova,
  mice,
  piebald,
  redhead,
  savrasaya,
  gray,
  nighting room,
  chubarai.
  Many of them have shades, therefore in horse breeding practice there are more than 30 names of suits, not counting marks.
  According to the theory of the study of suits, developed by Russian scientists N.A. Yurasov, V.O. Witt, D.A. Kislovsky, all the colors of horses are brought together in the so-called epistatic (subordinate) row, in which the action of an allelic pair of genes of colors is suppressed by the gene of a non-allelic pair. In this case, the epistatic (suppressive) gene cannot manifest itself in the absence of a certain complex of hypostatic (suppressed) inclinations. The epistatic series begins with a red color, as the simplest (PP). Then comes the black one (it cannot be formed without pigments, and therefore is epistatic (subordinate) in relation to the red color), then the bay and brown ...
  First of all, it must be borne in mind that a suit is not just a color or shade, but a certain combination of colors, a type of coloring with a certain distribution of pigments.
  The color of the skin and hair color is called the color of horses. If the skin color is dark, then dark hair usually grows on it, and if it is pink (body), then white hair grows and the hooves have a light color. There are exceptions, for example light gray horses often have dark skin.
  The color of horses is determined by the pigment melanin. The amount of pigment depends on the ratio of dioxyphenylanine and skin enzyme. The more the body produces an enzyme (dopaoxidase) with a constant amount of dioxyphenylanine, the more strongly the individual pigment grain is colored. The amount of pigment grains deposited in each hair and the distribution of pigment spots in the cortical layer can vary. The type of pigmentation and its localization in the body are genetically determined.
  In Russia, the classification and nomenclature of colors has been adopted, developed at the All-Russian Research Institute of Horse Breeding.
  In general, suits can be divided into background and composite suits. The latter are obtained by adding various impurities of white to the background suit; they are mixed (gray and roan) and spotted (piebald and chubaraya).
  Background suits are divided into zonal and non-zonal. Zonal suits (mouse, savrasaya, kauraya) approach the color of wild horses. They are characterized by an uneven faded color with a smooth transition from a very light, whitish color on the belly and inner sides of the legs to a rich, dirty shade on the head, neck, withers, back, and croup.

  In Russian, there are many designations for horse suits and their varieties. However, words such as "chagravy" or "mukhorty" can be found only in old dictionaries; modern horsemen use only about 17 names of suits. But this list is larger than that of many European nations. Perhaps this is partly why our classification of suits is somewhat different from that adopted abroad. After all, a lot here also depends on the tradition of the language. For example, in English, French, German there are no differences between savras and dun suits and there is no kauraya, and the bay, red and black roan are perceived by the French and Italians as three completely different suits, and not a variety of the same, moreover, the crow-roan is mixed with sulfur.
  Sometimes "incomprehensible" words go back to borrowings from peoples who at one time had a great influence on the formation of the language and culture of a given country. So, the Latin word badius (chestnut, bay) served as the basis for the name of the bay suit in many Romance languages ​​- Italian, Spanish, French. Perhaps, the Latin origin in these languages ​​is the word denoting a bay-roan suit. For Spain, the rule of the Moors, famous horse breeders, did not pass without a trace: the roots of the words alezan (red) and overo (one of the types of piebald suit) are considered Arabic, and the French adopted these words from the Spaniards.
  At the same time, many Russian names for suits are ancient borrowings from the Turkic peoples. For example, the word "kaury" is related to the Tatar "kovur" ("brown"). Probably, the word "savrasy" also has Türkic roots, although its origin remains largely unclear; it is associated with the Turkic "sap-sary" - "pure yellow".
  http://www.horseportal.ru/entsiklopediya-loshadey/masti.html
  http://img1.liveinternet.ru/images/attach/b/2/24/313/24313835_masti.jpg