Show on the map yamal usa. Detailed map of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug with cities. Bovanenkovo industrial zone
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Detailed map of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug
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Map of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug with cities, regions and villages
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Satellite map of Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug
Switching between the satellite map of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug and the schematic one is made in the lower left corner of the interactive map.
Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug - Wikipedia:
Date of formation of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District: December 10, 1930
Population of Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug: 534 299 people
YANAO phone code: 349
Yamalo-Nenets area: 769 250 km²
YANAO car code: 89
Districts of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug:
Krasnoselkupsky Nadym Priuralsky Purovsky Tazovsky Shuryshkarsky Yamal
Cities of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug - list of cities in alphabetical order:
The city of Gubkinsky founded in 1986. The population of the city is 27,238 people.
Labytnangi town founded in 1890. The population of the city is 26281 people.
Muravlenko town founded in 1984. The population of the city is 32,540 people.
Nadym city founded in 1597. The population of the city is 44660 people.
The city of Novy Urengoy founded in 1975. The population of the city is 113,254 people.
City of Noyabrsk founded in 1975. The population of the city is 106,879 people.
Salekhard founded in 1595. The population of the city is 48507 people.
Tarko-Sale town founded in 1932. The population of the city is 21665 people.
Yamalo-Nenets autonomous region - a region located in the Far North. This is a small northern territory of Russia, with a population of only 550 thousand inhabitants. The main attractions of Yamal are beautiful nature and unusual monuments. For example, in the city of Noyabrsk, you can see the mosquito monument, erected in 2006.
Another monument is dedicated to the mammoth, which stands at the entrance to the city of Salekhard. Indeed, it was in this autonomous region that numerous bones and remains of these extinct animals were discovered. One of these finds is 46,000 years old. Searches continue to this day, and the last find was discovered in 2007.
Sights of the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug: Church of Peter and Paul, Ust-Poluy Settlement, Verkhne-Tazovsky Nature Reserve, Gydansky Nature Reserve, Yamal Peninsula, Sculpture Mammoth, Mosquito Monument in Noyabrsk, Stela 66 parallel, Yamalo-Nenets Regional Museum and Exhibition Complex. I.S.Shemanovsky, Orthodox Church of Archangel Michael, Obdorsk prison, Temple of St. Seraphim of Sarov in Novy Urengoy, Museum of Fine Arts, Park-Museum of aircraft in Salekhard.
So, the Yamal Peninsula, endless snowy desert, border zone,
the largest gas production region ... and the incredible beauty of the North.
Read the full description further ...
Many people go to these lands for the very fact - we were in Salekhard. And they call it a beautiful expedition.
What is true is true, there are no roads in the conventional sense here.
In winter there are winter roads. They are made right along the river beds, along the tributaries of the Ob, in the taiga.
Dozens of ice crossings, villages where access in summer is only by water, remote places ...
But now I want to tell you about the Yamal Peninsula.
The road, or rather the winter road, goes to it from the Labytnanga side, from the Obskaya station.
So it goes all 550 km along the Obskaya-Bovanenkovo railway line - the northernmost railroad in the world. 
At first, there is still forest-tundra around, there are still rare larch trees.
In the distance you can see the spurs of the Polar Urals. 
But soon there are fewer and fewer trees, the last bush disappears.
There are seven days of tundra ahead of us. 
The first couple of hundred kilometers the road is filled up, we drive for pleasure, take pictures. 
The road is alive.
Dozens of heavy trucks are driving to Bovanenkovo - Gazprom's main perspective today. 
Since 1986, a railway has been built in Bovanenkovo.
It is a difficult and challenging task to build it in permafrost conditions.
But the trains run. 
But they do not go as far as Bovanenkovo itself, so that the official press releases of Gazprom do not say there.
The road has not been completed for almost 30 km.
The work of ordinary drivers is still in demand.
This is how we move with our fellow travelers in the tundra. 
This winter road was serviced literally a year ago. He was needed.
Now almost all cargoes go by piece of iron.
And they abandoned the winter road. 
As soon as the dumping ends, just the tundra begins.
Just a track, hundreds of kilometers of track in the tundra. 
A little slope and there is a chance to turn over a 20-ton length. 
Someone else can be pulled out, they do it.
The rope can only be pulled by two people. 
We are guests here.
Many cars stop, curious. They say Bovanenkovo, Kharasavey? We won't get there.
Taking pictures for memory. There are no cars here.
But we're moving on. 
Here the citizens asked if there was a spike on the wheels of trucks, why they didn’t ride with chains, etc.
Friends, these are the harsh everyday life of Yamal. Here people live in inhuman conditions for months.
These are not the Alps or winter roads where you saw puzoterki.
The technique is appropriate here. Only all-wheel drive Urals with all locks and KAMAZs on wheels with a height of one and a half meters and with automatic pumping.
There is nothing else, only all-terrain vehicles.
I'm not sure that many have seen such machines in principle.
The winter road is trampled right in the tundra, on virgin soil. Try to drive like this for at least a kilometer. And 100 km, and 500? Where can you get diesel fuel, heat, food?
Here the word spike or chains sounds at least ridiculous. No Rubilov, everything is clear and measured. You can't sit here. Drive slowly, but drive.
And it's good if the average speed is at least 10 km / h. 
Those who are not prepared or cannot move end up like this. 
There is no point in frivolity. Everything is simple and specific. 
We make our way with difficulty. We make a lot of mistakes.
We watch how the Urals go, we study. The technique of driving on the tundra is fundamentally different from how we are used to driving.
And as experience later showed, where the Urals will pass, we will also pass there. With difficulty, but we will pass. 
And around the tundra. And an extraordinary sky.
It is difficult to convey this with photography. 
It gets dark quickly.
We are looking for a higher place to spend the night, so that it will not be covered with snow at night.
We have not turned off the engines for many days.
The car is a home, we sleep, we cook food ... everything is inside. For nothing, that it's still warm outside, -32 in total. 
The morning greets us with good weather.
Around the deer. Apparently strayed from the herd. 
Track again. 
The railway again. 
We still have a lot on the way.
Ahead are numerous Arctic foxes, partridges, foxes, deer, Nenets ... Well, and the seashore. Kara Sea.
Frozen in ice sea vessels and shift camps of the North. 
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Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District
Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug - an integral part of the Ural Federal District Russian Federation... It is part of the Tyumen region. Neighbors with the Komi Republic, Krasnoyarsk Territory, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug and Nenets Autonomous Okrug. The territory of the region is 769,250 square kilometers. The population is 546 170 people. Of these: 58.9 percent are Russians; 13.03 - Ukrainians; 5.47 percent are Tatars; 5.21 percent are the Nenets. Urban residents - 84.9 percent. The district consists of seven districts. Administrative center of Yamalo-Nenets autonomous region- the city of Salekhard.The Yamal-Nenets National District was formed in December 1930 as part of the Ural Region. Later it was a part of the Obsko-Irtysh and Omsk regions. Included in Tyumenskaya in August 944. The region received its modern name and the status of an autonomous okrug in 1977. Since 1992 - a full-fledged constituent entity of the Russian Federation. The location of the Autonomous Okrug is the center of the Far North of Russia, the arctic zone of the West Siberian Plain. From the northernmost mainland point of the region to the Arctic Circle - eight hundred kilometers. Most of the territory of the Okrug is located beyond the Arctic Circle. The Yamal Peninsula is located on the territory of this region. The relief is flat. Forest-tundra with numerous lakes and bogs, tundra and mountainous part. The height of the mountain range located in the west of the Autonomous Okrug is one and a half thousand meters. Water resources the edges are rich and varied. The coast of the Kara Sea, numerous rivers (48 thousand), swamps, lakes (about 300 thousand), bays (including one of the largest in the Russian Arctic). The largest rivers: Ob, Pur, Taz, Nadym. On the territory of the district there are large reserves of artesian underground waters, including thermal ones. The Yellow Pages will tell you that this region is the leader in oil and natural gas reserves. It is on its territory that the most famous fields are located: Urengoyskoye and Nakhodkinskoye gas, Ety-Purovskoye oil, Yuzhno-Russkoye oil and gas, Yamburgskoye oil and gas condensate.
Our Internet reference book SPR (http://www.spr.ru) will provide you with information on the basis of the economy of the Yamal-Nenets region - oil and gas production. OJSC Gazprom is the main producer of blue gold. More than thirty enterprises, whose addresses and phone numbers are included in our unique catalog of organizations, are producing gas condensate and oil. The Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug is also amazing for its reindeer transport developed in remote areas. Fur trade, animal husbandry and reindeer husbandry are flourishing in the region.
A new gas production center is being actively formed on the Yamal Peninsula, which in the future will become one of the main centers for the development of the Russian gas industry. Yamal will produce up to 360 billion cubic meters. m of blue fuel per year.
Place of Birth
trillion m 3 of gas
billion tons of gas condensate
million tons of oil
Place of Birth
trillion m 3 of gas
billion tons of gas condensate
million tons of oil
- Bovanenkovskoye, Kharasaveyskoye stable condensate per year.
Tambey industrial zone
Consists of six fields: Severo-Tambeyskoye, Zapadno-Tambeyskoye, Tasiyskiy, Malyginskoye (licenses held by the Gazprom Group), Yuzhno-Tambeyskoye and Syadorskoye.Southern industrial zone
It includes nine fields: Novoportovskoye (the license belongs to the Gazprom Group), Nurminskoye, Malo-Yamalskoye, Rostovtsevskoye, Arkticheskoye, Sredne-Yamalskoye, Khambateyskoye, Neitinskoye, Kamennomysskoye. The zone is considered as a priority oil production facility with a maximum annual level of 7 million tons.- A new generation gas transmission corridor from the Bovanenkovskoye field to Ukhta has been created for a unified gas supply system for Russia. Year-round oil export is carried out through the Arctic Gates offshore oil terminal.
Infrastructure
A full-fledged system of industrial and life support has been formed: car roads, power plants, a camp, industrial bases, the Obskaya - Bovanenkovo - Karskaya railway line with a length of 572 km, an airport.
The number of deposits is 32.
Total reserves and resources of all fields on the Yamal Peninsula: 26.5 trillion cubic meters m of gas, 1.6 billion tons of gas condensate, 300 million tons of oil.
Video about the Yamal megaproject, 3 minutes
Production in Yamal:
In 2018 - 87.4 billion cubic meters. m of gas.
In the future - up to 360 billion cubic meters. meters of gas per year.
Megaproject structure
Bovanenkovo industrial zone
It has the main production potential and includes three fields - Bovanenkovskoye, Kharasaveyskoye, Kruzenshternskoye (licenses held by the Gazprom Group). Gross production here is estimated at 217 billion cubic meters. meters of gas and 4 million tons of stable condensate per year.
Tambey industrial zone
Consists of six fields: North-Tambeyskoye, Zapadno-Tambeyskoye, Tasiyskoye, Malyginskoye (licenses are held by the Gazprom Group), Yuzhno-Tambeyskoye and Syadorskoye.
Southern industrial zone
It includes nine fields: Novoportovskoye (the license belongs to the Gazprom Group), Nurminskoye, Malo-Yamalskoye, Rostovtsevskoye, Arkticheskoye, Sredne-Yamalskoye, Khambateyskoye, Neitinskoye, Kamennomysskoye. The zone is considered as a priority oil production facility with a maximum annual level of 7 million tons.
Hydrocarbon transportation system
To transfer gas from the Yamal Peninsula to the Unified Gas Supply System of Russia, a new generation gas transmission corridor has been created from the Bovanenkovskoye field to Ukhta. Year-round oil export is carried out through the Arctic Gates offshore oil terminal.
Infrastructure
A full-fledged system of industrial and life support has been formed: highways, power plants, a rotational camp, industrial bases, the Obskaya - Bovanenkovo - Karskaya railway with a length of 572 km, an airport.
Implementation of the project
The largest Yamal field in terms of proven gas reserves is Bovanenkovskoye. The primary development target is the Cenomanian-Aptian deposits. In 2012, the first gas production facility (GP-2) was commissioned at the field, the second (GP-1) in 2014, and the third (GP-3) in 2018. The total design capacity of the three fields is 115 billion cubic meters. meters of gas per year. In the future, with the commissioning of the Neocomian-Jurassic deposits, the design capacity of the Bovanenkovskoye field will increase to 140 billion cubic meters. meters of gas per year.
In 2012, the Bovanenkovo - Ukhta gas trunkline was commissioned, and at the beginning of 2017, the Bovanenkovo - Ukhta - 2 gas pipeline.
In 2016, the Novoportovskoye oil field and the Arctic Gate offshore oil terminal were brought into commercial operation.
The President of Russia launched the shipment of the first tanker with oil through the "Gates of the Arctic", 6 minutes (Russia 24)
Advanced technical solutions
Overcoming the harsh natural and climatic conditions of Yamal, Gazprom has made the peninsula a springboard for the use of highly efficient, safe, innovative technologies and technical solutions.
Megaproject "Yamal" has no analogues in terms of complexity. Hydrocarbons are concentrated in a remote area with extremely harsh climatic conditions. The peninsula is characterized by the presence of permafrost, a long winter period and low temperatures (down to −50 ° C). In summer, 80% of the Yamal territory is covered with lakes, swamps and rivers, which significantly limits the areas where industrial facilities can be reliably located. Gazprom has applied highly efficient, safe, innovative technologies on the peninsula and technical solutions... Many of them, ordered by the company, were developed specifically for Yamal by leading Russian scientific institutes and domestic enterprises.
Mining technologies
At the Bovanenkovskoye field, for the first time in Russia, a unified production infrastructure is used to extract gas from the Cenomanian (depth of 520-700 m) and Aptian-Albian (depth of 1200-2000 m) deposits. This approach provides significant savings in construction costs, reduces construction time and increases the efficiency of field operation.
Field development began with lower gas reservoirs with higher reservoir pressure. As the pressure is equalized, the deposits located above are brought into development. The low-pressure Cenomanian reservoir is put into development last to compensate for the natural decline in gas production from the Aptian deposits. Accordingly, separate groups of production wells are created for different deposits, which are gradually connected to a single gas gathering network.
Difficult landscape conditions predetermined the need to update the regulatory framework for well construction design. The new standards made it possible to bring wellheads closer together in a cluster from 40 m to 15-20 m, to minimize the allotment areas and the amount of engineering preparation of territories for well clusters, access roads and other communications, and at the same time ensure the required level of industrial safety.
The fields of the Bovanenkovskoye field have achieved a high level of automation of technological processes using sparsely populated technologies. In particular, for the first time Gazprom introduced into operation automated well connection modules (MOS-2) designed to monitor and control Christmas trees and ensure reliable operation of wells in conditions of hydrate formation.
Preparation of produced gas for transportation is carried out by the most modern and environmentally friendly method of low-temperature separation using domestic turbo expanders.
Transportation technologies
Yamal gas is transported to the Unified Gas Supply System of Russia via new generation gas pipelines at a pressure of 11.8 MPa (120 atm.). A record pressure for onshore gas pipelines was achieved primarily due to the use of domestic pipes with a diameter of 1,420 mm, made of steel grade K65 (X80) with an inner smooth coating, developed by Gazprom's order.
The most technically challenging section in the construction of the gas transportation system was the underwater crossing through the Baydaratskaya Bay. It is distinguished by special natural and climatic conditions: at a shallow depth, it is characterized by frequent stormy weather, complex bottom sediments and freezing to the bottom in winter. Concrete pipes with a diameter of 1219 mm, designed for a pressure of 11.8 MPa, were used here. The laying of a gas pipeline in such difficult natural conditions and with such technical parameters became the first such construction experience not only in Russia, but also in world practice.
The Arctic Gate offshore oil terminal located in the water area of the Gulf of Ob is also a unique structure. The terminal is designed to work in extreme conditions: the temperature in the region drops even below -50 ° C, the ice thickness can exceed two meters. It has a two-level protection system and meets the most stringent industrial safety and security requirements. the environment... The terminal equipment is fully automated and reliably protected from water hammer. A special system allows instant disconnection of the terminal and the tanker, while maintaining the tightness of the disconnected elements. The "zero discharge" technology excludes the ingress of any foreign substances into the water area of the Ob Bay, which is extremely important for preserving the ecology of the Arctic. In addition, the subsea pipeline connecting the terminal to the offshore tank farm is protected by an additional concrete shell.
Infrastructure technologies
The Obskaya - Bovanenkovo - Karskaya railroad (572 km), specially built by Gazprom, provides a reliable all-weather connection between the Yamal Peninsula and the mainland and year-round freight and passenger transportation. There are no analogues of this railway in the world, taking into account the climatic conditions in which it has to function.
To preserve the bearing capacity of the permafrost, the construction of the main facilities was carried out only at subzero temperatures. The railroad embankment was built of wet dusty sand, which acquires the necessary strength under the influence of low temperatures. To ensure the stability of the subgrade structure in the summer months, a layer-by-layer unique system thermal insulation (polystyrene foam was laid on top of the frozen sand, geotextile clips were built).
The bridge crossing over the floodplain of the Yuribey River has become the most difficult section of the railway. It has no analogues in the practice of bridge building both in terms of design features and climatic and geocryological conditions of construction and operation, and is the longest bridge in the world beyond the Arctic Circle (length 3.9 km).
The bridge was erected on a ground practically unsuitable for construction - it is permafrost interspersed with cryopegs (salt and dust solutions that are in the permafrost and do not freeze even at negative temperatures from -10 to -30 ° C). The spans and girders of the bridge are mounted on supports made of metal pipes with a diameter of 1.2 to 2.4 meters, filled with reinforced concrete. The supports go into the permafrost to a depth of 20 to 40 meters. Thanks to modern technologies and special freezing (thermal stabilization), the supports literally freeze with ice (permafrost), which provides the bridge with additional stability.
Caring for nature
When constructing facilities, Gazprom is primarily concerned with preserving the unique Yamal nature. The smallest possible area is allocated for technological objects, and vapor-liquid heat stabilizers and heat-insulated pipes for wells significantly reduce the impact on permafrost. Closed water supply systems exclude pollution of water bodies and soil. Constant environmental monitoring is carried out.
Implemented during the construction of gas wells technology system processing of drilling waste by solidification to obtain building material... The technology is based on the method of encapsulating drill cuttings on a specialized mixing plant. Encapsulated building material is used in the construction of facilities at the Bovanenkovskoye field, namely, for filling pads, forming and maintaining the embankment of road slopes.
The Yamal deposits are located in the original territory of nomadic reindeer herders, therefore Gazprom conducts production activities taking into account the interests of the tundra residents. The company pays great attention to the organization and conduct of events that contribute to the socio-economic development and preservation of the traditional culture of the indigenous small-numbered peoples of the North. In particular, the sites of the reindeer herding brigades' camps and the paths for the reindeer touching have been determined, where special crossings for reindeer through engineering communications have been built.
A program is being implemented to increase the population of northern commercial fish.
Alexey Miller, Chairman of the Gazprom Management Committee: “No country in the world has created anything like this in the Arctic. This is an unprecedented project in the history of the global gas industry. By creating a fundamentally new gas production center
When people in Central Russia suffer from unbearable heat, Yamal residents enjoy the cold. Despite the harsh weather, very much live here kind people who gave this place their name. They call the Yamal Peninsula "The End of the Earth", because this is how its name sounds in translation from the Nenets.
The history of cold Yamal
The first mention of the Yamal land dates back to the 11th century, but Novgorod merchants managed to get there even earlier. Their references to the northern lands were fantastic. Travelers talked about squirrels and deer that fell to the ground like raindrops from clouds. It was from this moment that the popularity of Yamal began to grow.
In order to finally conquer the rich northern lands, Tsar Fyodor sent a campaign in 1592. A few years later, a Cossack detachment created a fortification called Obdorsk. Today everyone knows this place as Salekhard - a city that is the capital Yamalo-Nenets District... After the northern lands were conquered and passed to Russia, the power of this state began to grow rapidly.
Russia, Yamal Peninsula. Location
The northernmost and coldest peninsula of Russia is located on the territory of the Yamalo-Nenets Okrug. It ranks fourth in size, washed by the Kara Sea on three sides, as well as by the bays of the Baydaratskaya and Ob bays. The last lip separates the main part of the mainland from the peninsula.
The flora here is represented only by tundra and forest-tundra areas. The flora is made up of undersized shrubs, mosses, trees, lichens and herbaceous plants. Animal and vegetable world here they are very poor, but there are a lot of fish.
The peninsula is renowned for its unsurpassed cold beauty and untouched lands. Believe me, the sight is impressive. Guests from all over the country come here to look at this area. The impressions are sometimes so strong that people who have come for six months decide to stay here forever.
Yamal is located beyond the Arctic Circle, which greatly affects its climate. Summer on the peninsula can be compared, rather, with a thaw, since the temperature is +6, although in the tundra in July it can reach 30 degrees Celsius.
The land on the peninsula is permafrost, where the tundra is represented as a swampy plain. There are many small lakes in Yamal that are suitable for economic activities. Valuable species of salmon fish live here.
Now you know where the Yamal Peninsula is located.
The local climate greatly affects health. Of course, the northern people have their own diseases, such as frostbite in the upper part of the lungs.
Scientists have identified one very curious moment that is directly related to the north. All people who have lived on the Yamal Peninsula for more than seven years have a widened heart artery. This change affects the psychosomatic state of the individual, as a result of which a person becomes more hospitable, kinder, more responsive and affectionate. In such difficult conditions, it is impossible to survive as a wolf, so there is nothing surprising in the changes.
Permafrost treasure
Many people call the Yamal Peninsula a gas cylinder, but residents do not take offense at this comic nickname. They only correct, saying that their autonomous region is the gas heart of Russia. There is really so much gas here that it even comes to the surface.
Photos of the crater, the diameter of which is 60 meters, were taken here. This natural phenomenon made this place famous, but did not surprise specialists at all. Such funnels very often appear in permafrost, which contains a large supply of natural gas. The Yamal Peninsula is just such a place. A photo of the famous funnel in front of you.
In the pre-war years, reindeer husbandry and fishing were considered the main sectors of the economy. Fur procurement increased rapidly. However, as soon as the district was formed, it began to develop absolutely new branch- crop production. People began to grow fodder roots, potatoes and vegetables.
Administrative and territorial structure of the peninsula
The Autonomous Okrug includes:
6 urban settlements;
6 city districts;
36 rural settlements;
7 municipal districts.
Settlements of the Yamal Peninsula
Noyabrsk;
New Urengoy;
Gubkinsky;
Labytnangi;
Salekhard;
Tarko-Sale;
Muravlenko;
The largest settlements are:
1. New Port;
2. Yar-Sale;
3. Salemal;
4. Cape Kamenny;
5. Panaevsk;
Urban-type settlements:
Korotchaevo;
Pangody;
Limbyayakha;
Tazovsky;
Urengoy;
Old Nadym.
The Yamal Peninsula is partially inhabited, full development is complicated by climatic conditions.
Peninsula population
For quite a long time, the district was practically deserted, inhabited here exclusively by the Khanty, Nenets and Selkup tribes. They were engaged in hunting and reindeer herding and led nomadic image life.
The situation began to change in the XX century, at this time the development of the natural resources of the district began and the population gradually began to increase.
Population:
1926 - 19,000 people;
1975 - 122,000;
2000 - 495 200 people;
2012 - 539 800;
National structure (percentage):
Selkups - 0.4;
Khanty - 1.9;
Nenets - 5.9;
Tatars - 5.6;
Other nationalities - 17.5;
Ukrainians - 9.7;
Russians - 61.7.
It should be noted that the Yamal Peninsula is the only constituent entity of the Russian Federation where natural population growth is still preserved. This fact takes place in all settlements, cities and regions.
The birth rate here is much higher than the all-Russian level, and the mortality rate is much lower. This is a very good indicator. The number of the population is constantly increasing, and due to natural growth.
The Yamal Peninsula is a territory of permafrost and unsurpassed landscapes. This is an amazing land that will not leave anyone indifferent. Everyone who has visited Yamal at least once will certainly return here.
Today Yamal is considered a stable, dynamically developing region. It is a solid foundation for socio-economic development, which is very important both for the northern regions and for the country as a whole.