Didactic games in the middle group. Didactic game "Why is it called that". Didactic game "Why is it named so"
Card file of didactic games for the middle group
1. Didactic game"Find the mistake"
Goals: develop auditory attention.
Game progress : The teacher shows the toy and names the deliberately wrong action that this animal allegedly produces. Children must answer whether this is correct or not, and then list those actions that this animal can actually perform. For example: “The dog is reading. Can a dog read? " Children answer: "No." What can a dog do? Children list. Then other animals are named.
2. Didactic game "Tell the word"
Goals: learn to clearly pronounce polysyllabic words loudly, develop auditory attention.
Game progress : The teacher says the phrase, but does not finish the syllable in the last word. Children have to finish this word.
Ra-ra-ra - the game begins….
Ry-ry-ry - the boy has a ...
Ro-ro-ro - we have a new led ...
Ru-ru-ru - we continue to play.
Re-re-re - there is a house on th ...
Ri-ri-ri - snow on the branches ...
Ar-ar-ar - our self is boiling ...
Ry-ry-ry - children have a lot of children ...
3. Didactic game "It happens or not"
Goals: learn to notice inconsistencies in judgments, develop logical thinking.
Game progress: The teacher explains the rules of the game:
I will tell a story in which you must notice something that does not happen.
“In the summer, when the sun was shining brightly, the guys and I went for a walk. They made a snowman out of snow and started sledding. " "Spring has come. All the birds flew to warm lands. The bear climbed into his den and decided to sleep through the whole spring ... "
4. Didactic game "What season?"
Goals: to teach to correlate the description of nature in poetry or prose with a certain time of the year; develop auditory attention, quick thinking.
Game progress : Children are sitting on the bench. The teacher asks the question "When does this happen?" and reads a text or riddle about different seasons.
5. Didactic game "Where can I do what?"
Goals: activation in speech of verbs used in a certain situation.
Game progress : The teacher asks questions, the children answer them.
What can you do in the forest? (Walk; pick berries, mushrooms; hunts; listen to birds singing; rest).
What can you do on the river? What is the hospital doing?
6. Didactic game "What, what, what?"
Goals: teach to select definitions corresponding to a given example, a phenomenon; activate previously learned words.
Game progress : The teacher calls a word, and the players take turns calling as many signs as possible that correspond to the given subject. Squirrel -redhead, nimble, big, small, beautiful .....
Coat- warm, winter, new, old ... ..
Mama- kind, affectionate, gentle, beloved, dear ...
House- wooden, stone, new, panel ...
Didactic game "Finish the sentence"
Goals: learn to supplement sentences with a word of the opposite meaning, develop attention.
Game progress : The teacher starts the sentence, and the children finish it, they only speak words with the opposite meaning.
Sugar is sweet. and pepper -…. (bitter).
In summer, the leaves are green, and in autumn .... (yellow).
The road is wide and the path is .... (narrow).
Didactic game "Find out whose sheet"
Goals: learn to recognize a plant by a leaf (name a plant by a leaf and find it in nature), develop attention.
Game progress : On a walk, collect fallen leaves from trees, bushes. Show the children, invite them to find out from which tree and find similarities with not fallen leaves.
9. Didactic game "Guess what kind of plant"
Goals: learn to describe the subject and recognize it by description, develop memory, attention.
Game progress: The teacher invites one child to describe a plant or make a riddle about it. Other children should guess what kind of plant it is.
10. Didactic game "Who am I?"
Goals: learn to name a plant, develop memory, attention.
Game progress : The teacher quickly points to the plant. The one who is the first to name the plant and its shape (tree, shrub, herbaceous plant) gets a token.
11. Didactic game "Who has who"
Goals: consolidate knowledge about animals, develop attention, memory.
Game progress: The teacher names the animal, and the children name the baby in the singular and plural. The child who correctly names the cub receives a token.
12. Didactic game "Who (what) flies?"
Goals: consolidate knowledge about animals, insects, birds, develop attention, memory.
Game progress: Children stand in a circle. The chosen child names some object or animal, and raises both hands up and says: "Flies."
When an object that flies is called, all children raise both hands up and say "Flies", if not, they do not raise their hands. If one of the children is wrong, he leaves the game.
13. Didactic game "What kind of insect?"
Goals: to clarify and expand ideas about the life of insects in the fall, to teach how to describe insects by their characteristic features, to cultivate a caring attitude towards all living things, develop attention.
Game progress: Children are divided into 2 subgroups. One subgroup describes the insect, and the other has to guess who it is. You can use riddles. Then another subgroup asks their questions.
14. Didactic game "Hide and Seek"
Goals: to learn to find a tree by description, to consolidate the ability to use prepositions in speech:behind, about, before, next to, from behind, between, on; develop auditory attention.
Game progress : On the instructions of the teacher, some of the children are hiding behind trees and bushes. The leader, according to the instructions of the teacher, is looking for (find who is hiding behind a tall tree, low, thick, thin).
15. Didactic game "Who will name more actions?"
Goals: to learn to select verbs denoting actions, develop memory, attention.
Game progress : The teacher asks questions, the children answer with verbs. Children receive a token for each correct answer.
What can you do with flowers?(tear, sniff, watch, water, give, plant)
What does the janitor do?(sweeps, cleans, watering, cleans the paths from snow)
16. Didactic game "What happens?"
Goals: teach to classify objects by color, shape, quality, material, compare, contrast, select as many names as possible that fit this definition; develop attention.
Game progress: Tell us what happens:
Green -cucumber, crocodile, leaf, apple, dress, tree ….
Wide - river, road, ribbon, street ...
The winner is the one who calls more words.
17. Didactic game "What kind of bird is this?"
Goals: clarify and expand ideas about the life of birds in the fall, teach to describe birds by their characteristic features; develop memory; foster a caring attitude towards birds.
Game progress : Children are divided into 2 subgroups. Children of one subgroup describe a bird, and the other must guess what kind of bird it is. You can use riddles. Then another subgroup asks their questions.
18. Didactic game "Guess, we will guess"
Goals: consolidate knowledge about garden and vegetable garden plants; the ability to name their signs, describe and find them by description, develop attention.
Game progress : Children describe any plant in the following order6 shape, color, taste. The driver must recognize the plant according to the description.
19. Didactic game "It happens - it does not happen" (with a ball)
Goals: develop memory, attention, thinking, speed of reaction.
Game progress : The teacher pronounces phrases and throws the ball, and the children must respond quickly.
Snow in winter ... (happens) Frost in summer ... (does not happen)
Frost in summer ... (does not happen) drops in summer ... (does not happen)
20. Didactic game "The third extra" (plants)
Goals: consolidate the knowledge of children about the diversity of plants, develop memory, speed of reaction.
Game progress : The teacher names 3 plants (trees and shrubs), one of which is "superfluous." For example, maple, linden, lilac. Children have to determine which one is "extra" and clap their hands.
( Maple, linden - trees, lilac - shrub)
21. Didactic game "Game of riddles"
Goals: expand the stock of nouns in the active dictionary.
Game progress: Children are sitting on the bench. The teacher makes riddles. The child who guessed it comes out and makes a riddle himself. For guessing the riddle, he receives one token. The one with the most chips wins.
22. Didactic game "Do you know ..."
Goals: enrich the vocabulary of children with the names of animals, consolidate the knowledge of models, develop memory, attention.
Game progress : You need to prepare the chips in advance. The teacher lays out in the first row - images of animals, in the second - birds, in the third - fish, in the fourth - insects. The players alternately name the animals first, then the birds, and so on. And with the correct answer, they place the chip in a row. The player who has laid out more chips wins.
23. Didactic game "When does this happen?"
Goals: to consolidate the knowledge of children about the parts of the day, develop speech, memory.
Game progress : The teacher lays out pictures depicting the life of children in kindergarten: morning exercises, breakfast, classes, etc. Children choose any picture for themselves, examine it. On the word "morning", all the children raise a picture associated with the morning, and explain their choice. Then day, evening, night. Children receive a token for each correct answer.
24. Didactic game "And then what?"
Goals: to consolidate the knowledge of children about the parts of the day, about the activities of children at different times of the day; develop speech, memory.
Game progress : Children sit in a semicircle. The teacher explains the rules of the game:
Remember, we talked about what we do in kindergarten all day long? Now let's play and find out if you remember everything. We will talk about that in order. What we do in kindergarten in the morning. Whoever makes a mistake will sit on the last chair, and everyone else will move.
You can enter a playful moment: the teacher sings the song “I have a pebble. Whom to give? Whom to give? He will answer. "
The teacher begins: “We came to Kindergarten... Played on the site. And what happened then? " Gives a pebble to one of the players. He replies: "Did gymnastics" - "And then?" Passing a pebble to another child.
The game continues until the children say the last thing - going home.
Note . It is advisable to use a pebble or other object, since it is not the one who wants to answer, but the one who gets it. This forces all children to be attentive and ready to respond.
25. Didactic game "When do you do this?"
Target: to consolidate cultural and hygienic skills and knowledge of parts of the day, to develop attention, memory, speech.
Course of the game: The teacher names one child. Then he depicts some action, for example, washing his hands, brushing his teeth, cleaning shoes, combing his hair, etc., and asks: "When are you doing this?" if the child answers that he brushes his teeth in the morning, the children correct: "In the morning and in the evening." One of the children can be the leader.
26. Didactic game "Highlight the word"
Goals: teach children to clearly pronounce polysyllabic words loudly, develop auditory attention.
Game progress : The teacher pronounces the words and invites the children to clap their hands when they hear the words in which there is the sound "z" (the song of the mosquito).(Bunny, mouse, cat, castle, goat, car, book, call )
The teacher should pronounce the words slowly, after each word, pause so that the children can think.
27. Didactic game "Tree, bush, flower"
Goals: consolidate the knowledge of plants, broaden the horizons of children, develop speech, memory.
Game progress : The presenter says the words "Tree, bush, flower ..." and bypasses the children. Stopping, he points to the child and counts to three, the child must quickly name where the presenter stopped. If the child does not have time or has incorrectly named, he is out of the game. The game continues until one player remains.
28. Didactic game "Where does what grows?"
Goals: learn to understand the processes occurring in nature; to give an idea of the purpose of plants; show the dependence of all life on earth on the state of the vegetation cover; develop speech.
Game progress : The teacher names different plants and shrubs, and the children choose only those that grow with us. If children grow up clap their hands or jump in one place (you can choose any movement), if not, they are silent.
Apple tree, pear, raspberry, mimosa, spruce, saxaul, sea buckthorn, birch, cherry, cherry, lemon, orange, linden, maple, baobab, tangerine.
If the children have done well, you can list the trees faster:
plum, aspen, chestnut, coffee. Rowan, sycamore. Oak, cypress \. Cherry plum, poplar, pine.
At the end of the game, it is summarized who knows the trees the most.
29. Didactic game "Who will be who (what)?"
Target: develop speech activity, thinking.
Game progress : Children answer an adult's question: "Who will be (or what will be) ... an egg, chicken, boy, acorn, seed, egg, caterpillar, flour, iron, brick, cloth, etc.?" If the children come up with several options, for example, from an egg - chicken, duck, chick, crocodile. Then they get extra forfeits.
Or the teacher asks: “Who was the chick (egg), bread (flour), machine (metal)?
30. Didactic game "Summer or Autumn"
Target: to consolidate the knowledge of the signs of autumn, their differentiation from the signs of summer; develop memory, speech; education of dexterity.
Game progress :
The teacher and children stand in a circle.
Educator ... If the leaves turn yellow - this is ... (and throws the ball to one of the children. The child catches the ball and says, throwing it back to the teacher: "Autumn").
Educator. If the birds fly away, this is ... .. Etc.
31. Didactic game "Be attentive"
Target: differentiation of winter and summer clothing; develop auditory attention, speech hearing; increase in vocabulary.
Listen carefully to the clothing verses so that you can list all the names that appear in these verses. First name the summer one. And then the winter one.
32. Didactic game "Take - do not take"
Target: differentiation of forest and garden berries; increase in vocabulary on the topic "Berries"; develop auditory attention.
Game progress : Children stand in a circle. The teacher explains that he will pronounce the name of forest and garden berries. If children hear the name of a wild berry, they should sit down, and if they hear the name of a garden berry, stretch their arms up.
Strawberries, blackberries, gooseberries, cranberries, red currants, strawberries, black currants, lingonberries, raspberries.
33. Didactic game "What is being planted in the garden?"
Target: teach to classify objects according to certain characteristics (according to the place of their growth, according to their application); develop quick thinking,
auditory attention.Game progress : Children, do you know what is planted in the garden? Let's play a game like this: I will name different objects, and you listen carefully. If I name what is being planted in the garden, you will answer “Yes”, but if what is not growing in the garden, you will say “No”. Whoever makes a mistake leaves the game.
Carrots (yes), cucumber (yes), plums (no), beets (yes), etc.
34. Didactic game "Who would rather collect?»
Target: teach children to group vegetables and fruits; to educate the speed of reaction to the words of the educator, endurance and discipline.
Game progress : Children are divided into two teams: "Gardeners" and "Gardeners". On the ground lie dummies of vegetables and fruits and two baskets. At the command of the educator, the teams begin to collect vegetables and fruits, each in their own basket. Whoever collects first raises the basket and is the winner.
35. Didactic game "Who needs what?"
Target: exercise in the classification of objects, the ability to name things necessary for people of a certain profession; develop attention.
Educator: - Let's remember what people of different professions need to work. I will name the profession, and you will say what he needs to work.
The teacher names the profession, the children say what is needed for the job. And then in the second part of the game, the teacher names the object, and the children say for what profession it can be useful.
Didactic game "Don't be mistaken"
Target: reinforce children's knowledge of different types sports, develop resourcefulness, ingenuity, attention; foster a desire to play sports.
Game progress : The teacher lays out the cut pictures with the image different types sports: football, hockey, volleyball, gymnastics, rowing. In the middle of the picture is an athlete, you need to pick up everything he needs to play.
According to this principle, you can make a game in which children will select tools for various professions. For example, a builder: he needs tools - a shovel, a trowel, a paintbrush, a bucket; machines that facilitate the work of a builder - a crane, an excavator, a dump truck, etc. The pictures show people of those professions that children are introduced to throughout the year: a cook, a janitor, a postman, a salesman, a doctor, a teacher, a tractor driver, a locksmith, etc. they select images of the objects of their labor. The correctness of execution is controlled by the picture itself: from small pictures, a large, whole one should turn out.
37. Didactic game "Guess - ka!"
Target: to teach to describe an object without looking at it, to highlight essential features in it, to recognize an object according to the description; develop memory, speech.
Game progress : At the signal of the teacher, the child who received the chip gets up and makes a description of any object from memory, and then passes the chip to the one who will guess. Having guessed, the child describes his object, passes the chip to the next, etc.
38. Didactic game "Finish the sentence"
Target:
Game progress
The sugar is sweet, and the pepper is….(bitter)
(yellow )
narrow )
The ice is thin, and the trunk is ... (thick )
39. Didactic game "Where is what lies?"
Target: learn to select words with a given sound from a group of words, from a speech stream; to consolidate the correct pronunciation of certain sounds in words; develop attention.
Game progress : The teacher names the object and invites the children to answer where it can be put. For example:
- “Mom brought bread and put it in ...(bread bin ).
Masha poured sugar ... Where? (Into the sugar bowl )
Vova washed his hands and put the soap ... Where? (Into the soap dish )
40. Didactic game "Catch your shadow"
Target: introduce the concept of light and shadow; develop speech.
Game progress : Educator: Who will guess the riddle?
I go - she goes
I stand - she stands
I will run - she is running.Shadow
On a sunny day, if you stand with your face, back or side to the sun, then a dark spot will appear on the ground, this is your reflection, it is called a shadow. The sun sends its rays to the earth, they spread in all directions. Standing in the light, you block the path of the sun's rays, they illuminate you, but your shadow falls on the ground. Where else is there a shadow? What does it look like? Catch up with the shadow. Dance with the shadow.
41. Didactic game "Finish the sentence"
Target: learn to supplement sentences with a word of the opposite meaning; develop memory, speech.
Game progress : The teacher starts the sentence, and the children finish it, they only say the opposite words in meaning.
The sugar is sweet, and the pepper is….(bitter)
In summer, the leaves are green, and in autumn - ... ..(yellow )
The road is wide, and the path is…. (narrow )
The ice is thin, and the trunk is ... (thick )
42. Didactic game "Which color?"
Target: teach children to recognize colors, consolidate the ability to identify objects by color, develop speech, attention.
Game progress : The teacher shows, for example, a green square of paper. Children do not name a color, but an object of the same color: grass, sweater, hat, etc.
43. Didactic game "What subject"
Target: to teach to classify objects according to a certain criterion (size, color, shape), to consolidate the knowledge of children about the size of objects; develop quick thinking.
Game progress : Children sit in a circle. The teacher says:
Children, the objects that surround us, are of different sizes: large, small, long, short, low, tall, wide, narrow. We have seen many objects of different sizes in the classroom and on walks. Now I will name one word, and you will list what objects can be called with one word.
In the hands of the teacher is a pebble. He gives it to the child who should answer.
Long, - says the teacher and passes the pebble to a neighbor.
Dress, rope, day, fur coat, children recall.
Wide, - the educator suggests the next word.
Children are called: road, street, river, tape, etc.
The game is also carried out in order to improve the ability of children to classify objects by color, shape. The teacher says:
Red.
Children take turns answering: a berry, a ball, a flag, an asterisk, a car, etc.
Round (ball, sun, apple, wheel, etc. )
44. Didactic game "What can animals do?"
Target: learn to create a wide variety of verbal combinations; expand the semantic content of the word in the mind; develop memory.
Game progress : Children turn into "animals". Everyone should tell what he knows how to do, what he eats, how he moves. The person who narrated correctly receives a picture of an animal.
I am a red squirrel. I jump from branch to branch. I make supplies for the winter: I collect nuts, dry mushrooms.
I am a dog, cat, bear, fish, etc.
45. Didactic game "Think of another word"
Target: Expand words knowledge; develop attention.
Game progress : The teacher says, “Think of one word for another, similar. You can say: a milk bottle, or you can say a milk bottle. " Cranberry Kissel(cranberry jelly) ; vegetable soup (vegetable soup ); mashed potatoes (mashed potatoes ).
46. Didactic game "Find similar words"
Target: teach children to clearly pronounce polysyllabic words loudly; develop attention memory.
Game progress : The teacher pronounces words that are similar in sound: a spoon is a cat, ears are guns. Then he says one word and invites the children to pick up others that are close in sound to him: spoon (cat, leg, window ), a gun (fly, drying, cuckoo ), bunny (boy, finger ) etc.
47. Didactic game "Who will remember more?"
Target: enrich the children's vocabulary with verbs denoting the actions of objects; develop memory, speech.
Game progress : Carlson asks to look at the pictures and tell them what they are doing, what else they can do.
Blizzard -sweeps, blushes, purges.
Rain -pouring, drizzling, dripping, dripping, starts, whips, …
Crow-flies, croaks, sits, eats, sits down, drinks, drinks, etc.
48. Didactic game "What else are they talking about?"
Target: to consolidate and clarify the meaning of polysemantic words; to educate a sensitive attitude to the compatibility of words in meaning, to develop speech.
Game progress : Tell Carlson what else you can say so about:
It's raining: it's coming -snow, winter, boy, dog, smoke.
Plays -girl, radio , …
Bitter -pepper, medicine , .. etc.
49. Didactic game "Think it yourself"
Target: teach to see in various objects possible substitutes for other objects suitable for a particular game; to form the ability to use the same object as a substitute for other objects and vice versa; develop speech, imagination.
Game progress : The teacher offers to choose one object for each child (a cube, a cone, a leaf, a pebble, a strip of paper, a lid) and dream up: "How can you play with these objects?" Each child names the object, what it looks like and how you can play with it.
50. Didactic game "Who hears what?"
Target: teach children to designate and name sounds with a word (ringing, rustling, playing, cracking, etc.); educate auditory attention; develop ingenuity, endurance.
Game progress : On the teacher's table there are various subjects, under the action of which a sound is emitted: a bell rings; rustling book, which is leafing; a pipe plays, a piano, gusli, etc. sound, that is, everything that is sounding in the group can be used in the game.
One child is invited behind the screen, who plays there, for example, the pipe. Children, having heard the sound, guess, and the one who played comes out from behind the screen with a pipe in hand. The guys make sure that they are not mistaken. Another child, chosen by the first participant in the game, will play with a different instrument. For example, he leafs through a book. Children guess. If they find it difficult to answer right away, the teacher asks to repeat the action, and listen to all the players more attentively. "The book is leafing through, the leaves rustle" - the children guess. The player comes out from behind the screen and shows how he acted.
This game can also be played while walking. The teacher draws the attention of the children to the sounds: the tractor is working, the birds are singing, the car is honking, the leaves are rustling, etc.
Oksana A. Shvets
Didactic vocabulary development games on the topic "Professions"
The development of speech activity is one of the most important sections of preschool pedagogy, and it is aimed at the mental development of the child. The better the speech activity of children is organized, the higher the guarantees of the success of school education.
The implementation of the educational area "Speech development" in all age groups is carried out through direct educational activities, during joint activities of the educator with children, in play activities, during regime moments, as well as through the integration of this area with other educational areas.
Speech development includes mastery of speech as a means of communication and culture; enrichment of the active vocabulary; development of coherent, grammatically correct dialogical and monologic speech; development of speech creativity; development of sound and intonation culture of speech, phonemic hearing; acquaintance with children's literature, listening comprehension of texts of various genres of children's literature; preparation for literacy training.
Important place in common system speech work takes the enrichment of the vocabulary, its consolidation and activation, which is natural, due to the fact that the improvement of verbal communication is not possible without expanding the child's vocabulary. Cognitive development, the development of conceptual thinking is impossible without the assimilation of new words. Expanding the vocabulary of children is one of the most important tasks of education. Clarification and expansion of vocabulary plays an important role in the development of logical thinking: the richer the child's vocabulary, the more accurately he thinks, the better his speech is developed.
But in last years the number of pre-schoolchildren with various speech impairments is rapidly increasing. Including there are deficiencies in vocabulary. Children do not know the meanings of many words, parts of objects, generalizing concepts, names of baby animals, human professions. Experiencing significant difficulties in the selection of antonyms, synonyms. Numerous lexical substitutions are also observed. And, consequently, due to the difficulties in choosing the right words, coherent speech also suffers.
Poor vocabulary interferes with full-fledged communication, and, consequently, the general development of the child. Conversely, the richness of vocabulary is a sign of a well-developed speech and an indicator of a high level of mental development. Timely vocabulary development is one of the most important factors in preparing for schooling.
It should be noted that in the process of developing vocabulary through didactic games and lexical exercises, preschoolers learn much more successfully those skills that are usually difficult to learn in everyday communication.
Didactic games are used to solve all problems speech development... They consolidate and clarify the vocabulary, changes and the formation of words, exercise in the preparation of coherent statements, develop explanatory speech. Verbal didactic games help the development of both specific and generic concepts, the mastery of words in their generalized meanings. In these games, the child finds himself in a situation where he is forced to use the acquired speech knowledge and vocabulary in new conditions. They are manifested in the words and actions of the players. Didactic games are an effective means of reinforcing grammatical skills, since they make it possible to train a child many times in repeating the necessary word forms.
Game "Name a profession"
Target: to form the ability to form nouns from gla-heads, the development of attention, dexterity.
The course of the game.
The teacher throws the ball to the child and names the verb: "Raises ..." The child continues: "The teacher."
Piggy bank of words: Teaches -… teacher; builds -… builder; loads - ... a loader; guards -… watchman; flies - ... pilot; dancing - ... dancer; sings - ... singer; sells - ... seller, etc.
On the board there may be pictures depicting people of these professions.
The game "What are they doing what?"
Target: to consolidate children's ideas about objects and their use in labor processes; the use of nouns in the datal case;
The course of the game.
On the table are pictures - tools of labor, upside down. Children take turns taking, naming an object and telling them what they can do with this object.
For example: the child takes a picture - a shovel and says: “This is a shovel. You can dig with a shovel. "
The game can be played in the form of a lotto. The leader takes a picture and describes the actions that can be performed with this object, and the children guess: “You can dig with this object (shovel). This object can be used to plan boards (plane). "
Game "Who needs what for work?"
Target: to consolidate children's ideas about objects and their use in labor processes; to clarify and expand knowledge about professions.
The course of the game.
Children are divided into two groups. At the signal of the educator, you need to expand pictures - tools of labor to a picture - of the desired profession. Then the children take turns explaining their choice. For each correct answer, the team receives a token.
Game "Fix Dunno mistakes"
Target: development of the grammatical structure of speech; activation of vocabulary; development of auditory attention, thinking.
The course of the game.
Dunno comes to visit the children. He says that he was at a construction site and saw a lot of things. Begins to utter sentences. Children identify mistakes by ear and correct them.
Dunno:"They hammer in nails with a saw."
Children:"They hammer in nails with a hammer."
Money box: I saw firewood with a brush. I paint the walls with a hammer. The carpenter is driving the car. The painter works on the crane. A dump truck lifts loads.
Ball game "Building a house"
Target: consolidation of the use of relative adjectives in the speech of children; development of attention, dexterity.
The course of the game.
The teacher throws the ball to the child and says: "Let's build a house of bricks, so what will the house be like?" Child: "Brick House"
Piggy bank of words: stone house, plywood house, concrete foundation, plastic windows, wood door, metal hinges, iron lock, etc.
Game "Tell me a word"
Target: develop logical thinking, attention, memory; learn to pick up words in rhyme.
The course of the game. Children suggest words, finish the poem.
In the carpenter's bag you will find a hammer and a sharp ... (knife). Any tool at the place - and a plane, and ... (chisel).
The blue pilot raises into the sky ... (plane).
He drove the goats to the hillock cheery ... (shepherd boy).
It's time to paint the rooms. They invited me. (painter).
The circus man knows how to prancing, animals and birds. (train).
Every day he brings a newspaper to our house. (postman).
They paint the roof in front of the kids. (painters).
I fly dolls in the morning. I am today. (nurse).
I would be a pilot pilot
I certainly wanted to become
I'm then on a plane
To Moscow would be ... (flew).
He is a very good master,
Made a wardrobe for us for the hallway.
He is not a carpenter, not a painter.
Furniture does. (joiner)
He puts bricks in a row,
Builds a kindergarten for children
Not a miner and not a driver,
They will build a house for us. (builder)
Nails, axes, saw,
A whole mountain of shavings.
It is the worker who works -
Makes us chairs. (a carpenter)
Ball game "Say it differently"
Target: clarification and activation of the dictionary of synonyms.
The course of the game.
The teacher calls the word and throws the ball to one of the children. The child who caught the ball must come up with a “word - friend” to the named one, say this word and throw the ball back to the teacher. If the word is chosen correctly, the child takes a step forward. You are the one who will quickly approach the conditional line on which the teacher is located.
Piggy bank of words: Work - (labor, business); house - (building, dwelling); do-roga - (path, highway); worker - (worker, worker); teacher - (teacher, teacher); huge - (large, giant); works - (work); doctor - (doctor, healer); pilot - (pilot, seamstress - (dressmaker).
Ball game "All the way around"
Target: clarification and activation of the dictionary of antonyms.
Game progress
The teacher calls the words and throws the ball to one of the children. The child who catches the ball must come up with the opposite word, say this word and throw the ball back to the speech therapist.
Piggy bank of words: Dress - (undress, raised - (lowered, throw - (catch, hide - (find,
put - (remove, arrived - (left, drove in - (left, built - (broke, entrance - (exit, turn on - (turn off).
Ball game "Associations"
Target: to teach children to choose words - tools of labor according to representation.
Game progress The teacher throws the ball to the child and names the profession, the child names an object that may belong to a person of this profession and returns the ball.
Piggy bank of words: Janitor - shovel, salesman - cash desk, doctor - phonen-board, cook - saucepan, painter - brush, hairdresser - hairdryer, chauffeur - steering wheel, plasterer - trowel, artist - canvas ...
Game "Guess who I want to be?"
Target: develop auditory attention, thinking, coherent speech, update vocabulary on the topic "Profession".
Game progress
The teacher invites the children to think about who they would like to be, to describe their profession so that other children can guess.
For example:
Child: I need such tools: scissors, comb, razor, hair dryer.
Other children: You want to be a hairdresser.
Lost Instruments game
Target: improving the grammatical structure of speech, prepositional-case management.
The educator suggests a situation: as if all those present live in the same house and the neighbor (educator) needed some tools and he comes to ask the neighbors for them. But there are no tools.
Game progress
The teacher throws the ball to the child and says: "We need scissors (hammer, nails)." The child answers: "There are no scissors (hammer, nails)."
Explain game
Target: develop the grammatical structure of speech, word formation: teach the understanding and interpretation of complex words.
Game progress
The teacher invites the children to explain from what words the names of the professions are derived.
Piggy bank of words: fisherman, lumberjack, woodcutter, animal breeder, horse breeder, vegetable breeder, gardener, etc.
Game "City of Dwarfs"
Target: consolidation of the ability to form nouns using diminutive-affectionate suffixes.
Game progress
The teacher invites the children to imagine that they find themselves in the city of gnomes. And all the items there are very small. You can come up with a fairy tale, accompanying it with appropriate pictures:
“Once the children in kindergarten were playing wizards. And one boy remembered the magic words from the fairy tale and uttered them, and all the children and the teacher suddenly found themselves in the city of gnomes. All objects around were so small that they could not be seen immediately. The guys with their teacher decided to take a walk around the town. They walk carefully so as not to step on anything. Suddenly they saw a house that looked like Olin. But it was not a house at all, but a tiny (house). They came closer. Have you looked in the windows? No, these were not windows, but tiny (windows). Next to the house there was (showing a picture ... a blue bench. The guys decided to sit on the bench and think about how they could return to their big city. They thought and were very hungry. And then they saw not far from the house (showing a picture) ... a shop.
(Continuation at your discretion, you can come up with yourself ... Be creative)
Clearly - figurative, i.e. the baby mainly operates with images, not concepts. To solve this problem, it is better to offer a special visual - didactic material that will help the preschooler to connect the image and concept into a single whole and will help form his basic concepts, for example, "sound", etc. The child learns to express himself, to manage his emotions. Engage in a variety of relationships. The effectiveness of mastering a number of skills increases.
* Listen carefully to the interlocutor in order to understand the meaning of his statements, ask again if something is not clear.
* Show respect for the speaker. Do not interrupt him, express your attitude to the subject of the conversation, express your own opinion, give examples, answer clearly, express your thoughts consistently.
* To navigate in a communication situation, i.e. build a conversation taking into account the situation, be active in communication.
* Agree, plan joint actions, discuss the results achieved.
* Complete communication using etiquette forms.
The purpose of didactic games is to develop children's auditory perception, attention, memory, rhythmic feeling, the ability to use the expressiveness of speech, i.e. use speech breathing correctly; change the rhythm, tempo and strength of the voice; change intonation; to use expressive means of facial expressions, gestures, as well as the ability to depict the emotional state with mimic means and understand the mood of the interlocutor.
Didactic games help to solve many educational tasks for the development of speech, allow you to abandon stereotypes, relieve tension and travel, for example, to a fairy-tale world or invent your own story, maintain interest in independent verbal creativity. They learn to use epithets, proverbs, sayings, repetitions, enrich vocabulary.
They contribute to the upbringing of the child's mental and social activity in the process of teaching the native language, especially the mastery of emotional and evaluative vocabulary by preschoolers, develop verbal creativity, the ability to orientate and observe the object of imitation for correct pronunciation, etc.
The use of didactic games has great importance for general speech development, because the arbitrariness of speech is formed during the game.
When familiarizing with the sound composition in front of the child, the general properties of human speech are revealed. The so-called sensitivity to sounds, the ability to distinguish between words and syllables, the ability to analyze the sound composition of a word develops.
They teach to control their speech, to notice the shortcomings of pronunciation in it at the time of speaking. They reveal the shortcomings of pronunciation in a stranger, increase the ability of sound analysis of words. The desire to play can be an important stimulus in mastering the skills of pronunciation, auditory perception and analysis. In addition to direct imitation, the child's conscious desire to master the sound culture of speech is developed. The degree of development of this skill is in direct proportion to systematic training. And since classes are held once a week, didactic games, used in addition to classes in their free time, help well.
Currently, the process of coarsening of the mores of society is gaining momentum, which entails the decline of both the general culture and speech traditions. In speech activity, this is expressed in an increase in vocabulary with a reduced, emotionally expressive coloring, colloquial forms, vulgarisms, jargon.
In life, children can hear synonyms, antonyms, catchphrases, phraseological phrases, but they do not always understand their meaning, which means they do not use them in their speech. Didactic games will introduce them to them. They will teach you to understand their figurative meaning, learn the meaning of new words, determine the lexical meaning of a word depending on the context, understand some polysemous words, select synonyms and antonyms, make sentences and short coherent stories with them. Explain the emotional state of a person, choosing the appropriate words and expressions, comprehend and explain the origin of some words, independently form new words using suffixes and prefixes. Distinguish the stylistic shades of words, use them in accordance with the context; to master the skills of verbal etiquette, the ability to compose descriptive and narrative stories, encourage speech activation, force in the mind to perform verbal - logical operations.
The use of didactic games forms in children the ability to understand the content of Russians. folk tales, to emotionally respond to them, to be able to express their attitude to events and heroes, and also to evaluate the value of expressive means for the disclosure of an artistic image.
For a correct understanding of the allegorical meaning of proverbs and sayings, children can be offered pictures that display their literal and figurative meaning. When pronouncing any expression, you can suggest choosing the appropriate illustrations for it. This will help children better understand the meaning of these expressions, stimulate their appropriate use in the corresponding speech utterances, so that others will be interested.
They will teach a creative attitude to oral works folk art... Improvisations based on Russian folk tales will prepare children for the logical and accurate use of the means of speech expression in their own speech activity. Didactic games will help the development of figurative speech and develop speech in the process of practical communication. Games will help to acquire the unity of thought and word, thinking and speech. Mastering speech in the unity of the pronunciation and semantic sides rebuild mental activity. The development of speech-thinking activity is the most important task of preparing preschoolers for school. The game is developing different aspects and functions of speech.
A child who knows the basics quickly finds contacts even in an unfamiliar society.
Didactic games should be aimed at achieving the main goal - to establish partnerships between children, to overcome isolation, shyness.
"Didactic games for the development of speech"
Dear Parents!
To make your children's speech correct and competent, I recommend playing didactic games for the development of speech with the children.
"Complete the sentence"
(use of complex sentences)
Mom put the bread ... where? (to the bread bin)
Brother poured sugar ... where? (to the sugar bowl)
Grandma made a delicious salad and put it ... where? (in a salad bowl)
Dad brought candy and put them ... where? (to the candy bowl)
Marina didn't go to school today because ... (got sick)
We turned on the heaters because ... (it got cold)
I don't want to sleep because ... (it's too early)
We will go to the forest tomorrow if ... (the weather will be nice)
Mom went to the market to ... (buy groceries)
The cat climbed a tree to ... (the dogs are saved)
"Who is the treat?"
(use of difficult nouns)
· Contributes to the enrichment of the vocabulary;
· Influences the formation of the grammatical structure of the language.
Therefore, the need to carry out serious ideas of the teacher in his work through play is obvious.
Didactic play is one of the forms of the educated influence of teachers on a child. At the same time, play is the main activity of children. Thus, the game realizes the educational (which the teacher pursues) and the game (for the sake of which the child acts) goals. It is important that these two goals complement each other and ensure the assimilation of the program material. Didactic play is a valuable means of educating mental activity, it activates mental processes, arouses a keen interest in the process of cognition in preschoolers. The game helps anyone to do educational material exciting, causes deep satisfaction in children, stimulates performance, facilitates the process of assimilating knowledge.
AV Zaporozhets, assessing the role of didactic play, emphasized: "We need to ensure that didactic play is not only a form of mastering individual knowledge and skills, but also contributes to the general development of the child."
The following types of didactic games can be distinguished:
Games - travel are designed to enhance the impression, draw the attention of children to what is nearby. They sharpen observation, expose overcoming difficulties. In these games, many methods of disclosing cognitive content are used in combination with play activities: setting tasks, explaining how to solve it, step-by-step problem solving, etc.
Games - errands are simpler in content and shorter in duration. They are based on actions with objects, toys, verbal assignments.
Games are assumptions ("what would happen if ..."). The children are given a task and a situation is created that requires an understanding of the subsequent action. At the same time, the mental activity of children is activated, they learn to listen to each other.
Games are riddles. They are based on testing knowledge and resourcefulness. Solving riddles develops the ability to analyze, generalize, form the ability to reason, draw conclusions.
Games are conversations. They are based on communication. The main thing is the immediacy of feelings, interest, goodwill. Such a game makes demands on the activation of emotional and thought processes. It fosters the ability to listen to questions and answers, focus on the content, supplement what has been said, and express judgments. Cognitive material for carrying out this type of games should be given in the optimal volume, be accessible and understandable in order to arouse the interest of children. Cognitive material is determined by the lexical topic, the content of the game. The game, in turn, must correspond to the mental capabilities of the children.
The didactic game has a certain structure.
Structure - these are the main elements that characterize play as a form of learning and play activity at the same time.
The following structural components of the didactic game are distinguished:
· Didactic task;
· Game task;
· Game actions;
· rules of the game;
· Result (summing up).
The didactic task is determined by the purpose of the teaching and educational impact. It is formed by the teacher and reflects his teaching activities. So, for example, in a number of didactic games, knowledge, skills, and abilities are consolidated in accordance with the program objectives.
The game task is carried out by children. A didactic task in a didactic game is realized through a game task.
The play task determines the play actions and becomes the task of the child himself. The most important thing: the didactic task in the game is deliberately disguised and appears before the children in the form of a game plan (task).
Game actions are the basis of the game. The more varied the game actions, the more interesting the game itself is for children and the more successfully cognitive and game tasks are solved. V different games game actions are different in their focus and in relation to the players. This, for example, can be role-playing actions, guessing riddles, spatial transformations, etc. they are associated with the game intent and proceed from it. Playful actions are the means of realizing a game concept, but they also include actions aimed at completing a didactic task.
Rules of the game. Their content and orientation are determined by the general tasks of forming the child's personality, cognitive content, game tasks and game actions. The rules contain moral requirements for the relationship of children, for their compliance with the norms of behavior. In a didactic game, the rules are given. Using the rules, the teacher controls the game, processes cognitive activities, the behavior of children. Rules also affect the solution of a didactic task - imperceptibly restrict the actions of children, direct their attention to implementation.
In modern pedagogy, a didactic game is created by a teacher specifically for teaching purposes, when learning proceeds on the basis of a game and didactic task. In didactic play, the child not only receives new knowledge, but also generalizes and consolidates it. Didactic play acts simultaneously as a type of play activity and a form of organizing the interaction of a teacher with a child. This is its originality.
Thus, the use of didactic games in the work of a teacher contributes to the development of the speech activity of children, and to an increase in the effectiveness of correctional work. It must be remembered that the development of the speech of preschoolers in the course of play activity is an attempt to teach children lightly, joyfully, without coercion.
"Didactic game as a means of education and development
logical thinking of preschool children "
Didactic game as an independent play activity based on the awareness of this process. Independent play activity is carried out only if children show interest in the game, its rules and actions, if these rules are mastered by them. How long can a child be interested in a game if its rules and content are well known to him? This is a problem that needs to be solved almost directly in the process of work.
Children love games, they are familiar, they play with pleasure. This can be confirmed by folk games the rules that children know: "Paints", "We won't tell where we were, but we will show what we did", "On the contrary", etc.
Every such game has an interest in action. For example, in the game "Paints" you need to choose a color. Children usually choose their favorite and fabulous colors: gold, silver. Having chosen a color, the child approaches the driver and whispers the name of the paint in his ear. “Ride along the track on one leg,” the driver says to the one who named the paint, which is not among the players. How many are interesting for children here game action! That is why children always play such games. The problem of the learning process is that the guys play independently, so that they always have such games in stock, so that they themselves can organize them as they develop, be not only participants and fans, but also fair judges.
Moving further in the learning process, it is absolutely necessary to complicate the games by supplementing them with an increasing number of rules that would contain not only a technical orientation, but add a new color of aesthetics, open figurative concepts of morality, and in combination did not allow the childish interest in the game to fade away.
The subtlety also lies in the fact that an adult (be it a teacher or a parent) should not overload the emotional space with his presence, his control of the game should be like the wind that blows the sails in the right direction, and he himself is almost imperceptible, in his atmosphere, in addition to the formation independence, activity of children, trust is established between them and the educator, mutual understanding based on the joint experience that they experienced during the game - this, constituting the essence of pedagogical cooperation, should help in solving the problems of the learning process.
Didactic games are one of the means comprehensive development personality.
Didactic play also acts as a means of comprehensive education of the child's personality.
Here are the following possibilities of didactic play in the education of his basic qualities:
Mental education.
The content of didactic games forms in children the correct attitude to the phenomena of social life, nature, objects of the surrounding world, systematizes and deepens knowledge about the Motherland, about people of different professions and nationalities, the idea of work. Knowledge about the surrounding life are given to children according to a certain system. So, familiarizing children with labor takes place in the following sequence: children are first introduced to the content of a certain type of labor (builders, grain growers, vegetable growers, etc.), then - with machines that help people in their work, facilitate labor, with the stages of production when creating the necessary objects, products (building a house, growing bread), after which they reveal the meaning to children.
With the help of didactic games, children learn to think independently, use the knowledge gained in different conditions in accordance with the task at hand.
Many didactic games challenge children to rationally use existing knowledge in mental operations: find characteristic features in objects and phenomena of the surrounding world, compare, group, classify objects according to certain criteria, draw correct conclusions, generalizations. The activity of children's thinking is the main prerequisite for a conscious attitude to the acquisition of solid, deep knowledge, the establishment of reasonable relationships in the team.
Didactic games develop the speech of children: the vocabulary is replenished and activated, the correct pronunciation of sounds is formed, coherent speech develops, the ability to correctly express one's thoughts. The didactic tasks of many games are designed in such a way as to teach children to compose simple stories on their own.
In the process of many games, the development of thinking and speech is carried out in an inextricable connection. When children communicate in the game, solving controversial issues, speech is activated.
^ Didactic game "Finish the sentence"
(with a ball)
Lemons are sour and sugar ... sweet
The dog barks, and the cat ... meows
It is dark at night, and in the daytime ... light
Cold in winter, hot in summer ...
You eat with your mouth and listen ... with your ears
You read with your eyes, and write ... with your hand
In the morning we have breakfast, and in the afternoon ... we have lunch.
In the afternoon we have lunch, and in the evening ... we have dinner
The bird flies, and the snake ... crawls
The boat is sailing, and the car ... is driving
A man has two legs, and a dog has ... four legs
Birds live in nests, and people ... in houses
In winter it snows, and in summer ... it rains
In Russia they speak Russian, and in England ... in English
They knit from wool, and from fabric ... they sew
The ballerina dances, and the pianist ... plays
They saw firewood, and nails ... hammered
The singer sings, and the builder ... builds
^
Didactic game "The fourth extra"
(with a ball)
table, chair, bed, kettle
horse, cat, dog, Pike
Christmas tree, strawberries, birch, oak,
cucumber, pumpkin, carrot, Hare
notebook, briefcase, newspaper, notebook,
cucumber, watermelon, apple, ball
wolf, fox, bear, cat
violet, chamomile, carrot, cornflower,
doll, car, pyramid, book
sparrow, eagle, swallow, wasp
skis, skates, a boat, sled
chair, hammer, saw, plane
snow, frost, heat, ice
snake, snail, butterfly, turtle
brushes, paints, kettle, album
hat, roof, door, window
milk, tea, lemonade, bread
Didactic game "Who will be who (what)?"
Egg ... chicken, crocodile, chick, scrambled eggs
Chicken ... chicken, rooster
Boy ... man, grandfather
Acorn ... oak
Eggs ... fish, frog
Flour ... bread, pie, dough, roll
Iron ... with a saw, rails, pipe, machine
Brick ... house, fence
Girl ... a woman, an old woman, a grandmother
Board ... table, chair, wardrobe, floor, house, booth
Bud ... leaf, flower
Wool ... sweater, dress, jacket, carpet
Goat ... goat, goat
^ Didactic game "Who (what) was you?"
Chicken ... egg Boots ... leather
Horse ... foal House ... bricks
Cow…. Calf Master…. Disciple
Oak ... acorn Dog ... puppy
Fish ...
Apple tree .... Seed sweater .... Wool
Frog ... with a head-coat Fur coat ... with fur
Butterfly ... .. caterpillar Bird ... chick
Bread ... with flour Goat ... with goat
Wardrobe…. Board Sheep…. Lamb
Bicycle ... iron Pig ... pig
Shirt .... Cloth Horse ... foal
^ Stages of didactic games for the speech development of children in the older group.
Preparatory stage
1. Games for the development of the phonetic-phonemic side of speech
"Japanese typewriter"
The game is aimed at reproducing a rhythmic pattern (rhythm) when clapping, tapping or sounding on any instrument (tambourine, rattle, xylophone).
"Let's play a fairy tale"
The adult invites the child to remember the tale "Three Bears". Then, changing the pitch of his voice, he asks to guess who is speaking: Mikhailo Ivanovich (low voice), Nastasya Filippovna (voice of medium pitch) or Mishutka (high voice). One and the same remark is pronounced alternately with a voice different in pitch, in three versions:
Who was sitting in my chair?
Who ate from my cup?
Who slept in my bed?
Who was in our house? Etc.
« ^
Broken phone"
Purpose: to develop auditory attention in children.
Game rules. It is necessary to pass the word so that the children sitting next to it do not hear. Who got the word wrong, i.e. messes up the phone, moves to the last chair.
Game action: whisper the word into the ear of the player sitting next to it.
The course of the game. Children choose a presenter using a counting rhyme. All sit on chairs in a row. The presenter quietly (in the ear) says a word to the person sitting next to him, he passes it on to the next, etc. The word must reach the last child. The presenter asks the latter: "What word did you hear?" If he says the word suggested by the presenter, then the phone is working properly. If the word is not right, the driver asks everyone in turn (starting with the last one) what word they heard. So they will find out who messed up, "ruined the phone." The guilty one takes the place of the last in the row.
"Traffic lights"
The adult gives the child two circles - red and green and offers a game: if the child hears the correct name of the one shown in the picture, he must raise the green circle, if it is incorrect - red. Then he shows the picture and loudly, slowly, clearly pronounces the sound combinations:
2. Games for the development of the lexical side of speech (vocabulary formation)
« ^
We are moving to a new apartment "
Purpose: to teach children to distinguish objects that are similar in purpose and similar in appearance, to help remember their names; activate the appropriate vocabulary in the speech of children.
Game material:
1.Subject pictures (paired): a cup-glass, mug-cup, butter dish-sugar bowl, teapot-coffee pot, saucepan-pan, kerchief-scarf, hat-hat, dress-sundress, sweater-sleeveless jacket, pants-shorts, socks- knee-highs, stockings-socks, gloves-mittens, shoes-sandals, slippers-sandals, satchel-briefcase, chandelier-table lamp.
2. Boxes for folding pictures.
Game progress: 6 children are playing. The teacher gives each child 2-3 pairs of pictures, for example: a cup-glass, a scarf-scarf, a satchel-briefcase. Says: “Children, we got a new apartment. We need to collect all the things and pack them for the move. I'll pack the dishes first. You will help me. Give me only the thing that I will name. Be careful - many things look similar. Do not confuse, for example, a mug with a cup, a kettle with a coffee pot. I will put the collected dishes in a blue box. "
The teacher names one item from each pair, such as a coffee pot. If the child is mistaken (presents the kettle), the picture remains with him. By the end of the game, the children should not have a single picture. The loser is the one who has the pictures left. Then, to activate the corresponding vocabulary in the speech of children, the teacher invites one child to take out the collected pictures from the box and say what he got, and the rest - to name the object paired with the presented one.
"Tops-roots"
Didactic task: Exercise children in the classification of vegetables (according to the principle: what is edible for them - the root or fruits on the stem).
Game rules. There are only two words to answer: tops and roots. Whoever made a mistake pays fant.
Game action. Playing forfeits.
The course of the game. The teacher clarifies with the children what they will call tops, and what - roots: "The edible root of a vegetable will be called roots, and the edible fruit on the stem - tops."
The teacher names a vegetable, and the children quickly answer what is edible in it: tops or roots. The one who makes a mistake pays the forfeit, which is redeemed at the end of the game.
The educator may suggest a different option; he says: "Tops - and children remember vegetables that have edible tops."
"Fruits vegetables"
Purpose of the game: differentiation of similar concepts.
The course of the game. At the beginning of the game, the presenter reminds the children which plants we call fruits and which vegetables. For fruits the picture “Garden” is selected, and for vegetables - “Vegetable garden”. These pictures are laid out on different edges of the table. Object pictures depicting fruits and vegetables are stacked on the table with the images down. In turn, the children take one picture from the pile, name it, and also explain to which group it belongs. The explanation should be complete: "A tomato is a vegetable because it grows in a vegetable garden." If the child gave the wrong answer, the picture returns to its place, and if the child correctly named the picture and attributed it to the desired concept, he takes it for himself. The game ends after the children have all the pictures. The one who has more pictures wins.
The game "Fruit-Berries" is carried out in the same way, only before the game these concepts are specified and other symbols are selected: a bush for berries and a tree for fruits.
"Housewarming"
Purpose: differentiation of the concepts of "clothing" and "shoes".
The course of the game. The following game situation is created: “Katya's doll has a housewarming party. She needs to pack her things to move to a new apartment. Help her get her things organized so that she can easily find all of her dresses and shoes in the new place. We will put our clothes in one box and our shoes in another ”. Then the child is given two sets of object pictures and two boxes, each with its own symbol: a dress for clothes, boots for shoes.
Lotto "In the world of plants"
Purpose of the game: Consolidation of generalized words: flowers, trees, vegetables, fruits, berries; activation of the dictionary on these topics.
Description of the game. Lotto consists of six large maps, in the middle of which there is a plot picture depicting a given group of plants in nature. Along the edges are object pictures related to any one generic concept, for example, flowers or trees. In addition to large maps, there are small cards with the same subject pictures.
The course of the game. The game runs along general rule lotto games. When all the small cards are handed out, each player must name in one word the entire group of his words - the names of plants.
"It is not a bird that flies"
Purpose: differentiation of the concepts of "birds" and "insects".
The course of the game. The presenter makes riddles about birds and insects, Children solve riddles and explain to which thematic group this animal belongs. If the answer is correct, the leader gives the child a token or symbol of this animal. The winner is the one with the most chips. Before the game, the presenter reminds the children of the identification signs of birds: they have feathers, a beak, claws, wings, build nests and incubate chicks, they can sing, they are big. Insects are small, have six legs, do not hatch chicks, they have no feathers.
In a dark dungeon Red paws
The girls are red. Pinching the heels
No thread, no knitting needle (Goose)
Knit knits.
(Bees in a hive)
Appeared in a yellow fur coat Black, agile,
Goodbye two shells. Screams "krak"
(Chicken) The worms are the enemy. (Rook)
A bird was flying, not a beast, not a bird,
Not a bird, not a winged, But a nose, like a knitting needle.
Who will kill her, The flower slept and suddenly woke up:
Human blood did not want to sleep anymore.
Will shed. Moved, roused,
(Mosquito) Soared up and flew away. (Butterfly)
There are many masters of Vereshchanya, white-sided.
They cut down a hut without corners. And her name is…. (magpie).
(Ants)
Little boy Zhu-zhu, zhu-zhu,
In a gray yoke I am sitting on a branch,
Sneaking through the yards, I keep repeating the letter J,
He collects crumbs, knowing this letter firmly,
She spends the night in the field, I buzz in the spring and summer.
Steals hemp. (Bug)
(Sparrow)
In a clearing near the trees, On a pole is a palace,
The house is built from needles. There is a singer in the palace
He is not visible behind the grass, And his name is ... (starling).
And there are a million tenants in it. (Anthill.)
3. Games for the development of the grammatical structure of speech
"Blurred letter"
Objective: To practice drawing up common exercises.
Material. Teddy bear.
Organization. Educator:
Teddy bear received a letter from his brother. But the rain washed out some of the words. We need to help him read the letter. Here is the letter: “Hello, Mishutka. I am writing to you from the zoo. Once I disobeyed my mother and climbed so far that ... I wandered through the forest for a long time and ... Coming out into the clearing, I got ... I got into a hole, because ... It was so deep that ... The hunters came and ... Now I I live in ... We have a playground for ... At the playground for young animals there are many ... We play with ... They take care of them ... They love us because ... Soon a trainer will come to us from ... I hope to get to ... How great to be able to ... Wait for the next letter from … Bye. Toptygin ".
While reading the letter, the teacher encourages the children to supplement the sentences with intonation.
"Living Words"
Objective: Exercise in drawing up proposals for a structural diagram.
Organization. Each child imitates a word. Educator: - Let Slava portray the word "bear"; Anya - the word "loves". What third word will we choose? (Honey) We read the sentence: "The bear cub loves honey." Let's swap the second and third words. What happened? (The bear loves honey). Now let the first word be the last. What happens? (Honey loves a teddy bear). Let's replace the word "honey" with another. Katya will now be the word "somersault". Read the sentence (Teddy bear loves to tumble). And now? (The bear cub loves to tumble).
Make your sentences with the word "bear". (The bear cub is clubfoot, The bear cub loves raspberries, The bear cub is sleeping ...)
"Complete the offer"
Didactic task: To develop speech activity in children, quick thinking.
Game rules. You need to find and say such a word to get a complete sentence. You only need to add one word.
Game actions. Throwing and catching the ball.
The course of the game. The teacher says a few words of the sentence, and the children must supplement it with new words to get a complete sentence, for example: "Mom bought ... - ... books, notebooks, a portfolio," the children continue.
Didactic game "Find the mistake"
Goals: develop auditory attention.
Game progress: The teacher shows the toy and names the deliberately wrong action that this animal allegedly produces. Children must answer whether this is correct or not, and then list those actions that this animal can actually perform. For example: “The dog is reading. Can a dog read? " Children answer: "No." What can a dog do? Children list. Then other animals are named.
Didactic game "Tell the word"
Goals: learn to clearly pronounce polysyllabic words loudly, develop auditory attention.
Game progress: The teacher says the phrase, but does not finish the syllable in the last word. Children have to finish this word.
Ra-ra-ra - the game begins….
Ry-ry-ry - the boy sha ...
Ro-ro-ro - we have a new ved ...
Ru-ru-ru - we continue to play.
Re-re-re - there is a house on th ...
Ri-ri-ri - snow on the branches ...
Ar-ar-ar - our self is boiling….
Ry-ry-ry - go have a lot of children ...
Didactic game "It happens or not"
Goals: learn to notice inconsistencies in judgments, develop logical thinking.
Game progress: The teacher explains the rules of the game:
- I will tell a story in which you must notice something that does not happen.
“In the summer, when the sun was shining brightly, the guys and I went for a walk. They made a snowman out of snow and started sledding. " "Spring has come. All the birds flew to warm lands. The bear climbed into his den and decided to sleep through the whole spring ... "
Didactic game "What season?"
Goals: to teach to correlate the description of nature in poetry or prose with a certain time of the year; develop auditory attention, quick thinking.
Game progress: Children are sitting on the bench. The teacher asks the question "When does this happen?" and reads a text or riddle about different seasons.
Didactic game "Where what can you do?"
Goals: activation in speech of verbs used in a certain situation.
Game progress: The teacher asks questions, the children answer them.
What can you do in the forest? ( Walk; pick berries, mushrooms; hunts; listen to birds singing; rest).
What can you do on the river? What is the hospital doing?
Didactic game « What, what, what? "
Goals: teach to select definitions corresponding to a given example, a phenomenon; activate previously learned words.
Game progress: The teacher calls a word, and the players take turns calling as many signs as possible that correspond to the given subject. Squirrel - redhead, nimble, big, small, beautiful ... ..
Coat - warm, winter, new, old ... ..
Mama - kind, affectionate, gentle, beloved, dear ...
House - wooden, stone, new, panel ...
Didactic game "Complete the sentence"
Goals: learn to supplement sentences with a word of the opposite meaning, develop attention.
Game progress: The teacher starts the sentence, and the children finish it, they only speak words with the opposite meaning.
Sugar is sweet. and pepper -…. (bitter).
In summer, the leaves are green, and in autumn .... (yellow).
The road is wide, and the path is…. (narrow).
Didactic game "Find out whose list"
Goals: learn to recognize a plant by a leaf (name a plant by a leaf and find it in nature), develop attention.
Game progress: On a walk, collect fallen leaves from trees, bushes. Show the children, invite them to find out from which tree and find similarities with not fallen leaves.
Didactic game "Guess what kind of plant"
Goals: learn to describe the subject and recognize it by description, develop memory, attention.
Game progress: The teacher invites one child to describe a plant or make a riddle about it. Other children should guess what kind of plant it is.
Didactic game "Who am I?"
Goals: learn to name a plant, develop memory, attention.
Game progress: The teacher quickly points to the plant. The one who is the first to name the plant and its shape (tree, shrub, herbaceous plant) gets a token.
Didactic game "Who has who"
Goals: consolidate knowledge about animals, develop attention, memory.
Game progress: The teacher names the animal, and the children name the baby in the singular and plural. The child who correctly names the cub receives a token.
Didactic game "Who (what) is flying?"
Goals: consolidate knowledge about animals, insects, birds, develop attention, memory.
Game progress: Children stand in a circle. The chosen child names some object or animal, and raises both hands up and says: "Flies."
When an object that flies is called, all children raise both hands up and say "Flies", if not, they do not raise their hands. If one of the children is wrong, he leaves the game.
Didactic game "What kind of insect?"
Goals: to clarify and expand ideas about the life of insects in the fall, to teach how to describe insects by their characteristic features, to cultivate a caring attitude towards all living things, develop attention.
Game progress: Children are divided into 2 subgroups. One subgroup describes the insect, and the other has to guess who it is. You can use riddles. Then another subgroup asks their questions.
Didactic game "Hide and seek"
Goals: to learn to find a tree by description, to consolidate the ability to use prepositions in speech: behind, about, before, next to, from behind, between, on; develop auditory attention.
Game progress: On the instructions of the teacher, some of the children are hiding behind trees and bushes. The leader, according to the instructions of the teacher, is looking for (find who is hiding behind a tall tree, low, thick, thin).
Didactic game "Who will name more actions?"
Goals: to learn to select verbs denoting actions, develop memory, attention.
Game progress: The teacher asks questions, the children answer with verbs. Children receive a token for each correct answer.
- What can you do with flowers? (tear, sniff, watch, water, give, plant)
- What does the janitor do? (sweeps, cleans, watering, cleans the paths from snow)
Didactic game "What happens?"
Goals: teach to classify objects by color, shape, quality, material, compare, contrast, select as many names as possible that fit this definition; develop attention.
Game progress: Tell us what happens:
green - cucumber, crocodile, leaf, apple, dress, tree….
wide - river, road, ribbon, street ...
The winner is the one who calls more words.
Didactic game "What kind of bird is this?"
Goals: clarify and expand ideas about the life of birds in the fall, teach to describe birds by their characteristic features; develop memory; foster a caring attitude towards birds.
Game progress: Children are divided into 2 subgroups. Children of one subgroup describe a bird, and the other must guess what kind of bird it is. You can use riddles. Then another subgroup asks their questions.
Didactic game "Guess, we will guess"
Goals: consolidate knowledge about garden and vegetable garden plants; the ability to name their signs, describe and find them by description, develop attention.
Game progress: Children describe any plant in the following order6 shape, color, taste. The driver must recognize the plant according to the description.
Didactic game "It happens - it does not happen" (with the ball)
Goals: develop memory, attention, thinking, speed of reaction.
Game progress: The teacher pronounces phrases and throws the ball, and the children must respond quickly.
Snow in winter ... (happens) Frost in summer ... (does not happen)
Frost in summer ... (does not happen) drops in summer ... (does not happen)
Didactic game "Third extra" (plants)
Goals: consolidate the knowledge of children about the diversity of plants, develop memory, speed of reaction.
Game progress: The teacher names 3 plants (trees and shrubs), one of which is "superfluous." For example, maple, linden, lilac. Children have to determine which one is "extra" and clap their hands.
(Maple, linden - trees, lilac - shrub)
Didactic game "Game of riddles"
Goals: expand the stock of nouns in the active dictionary.
Game progress: Children are sitting on the bench. The teacher makes riddles. The child who guessed it comes out and makes a riddle himself. For guessing the riddle, he receives one token. The one with the most chips wins.
Didactic game "Do you know …"
Goals: enrich the vocabulary of children with the names of animals, consolidate the knowledge of models, develop memory, attention.
Game progress: You need to prepare the chips in advance. The teacher lays out in the first row - images of animals, in the second - birds, in the third - fish, in the fourth - insects. The players alternately name the animals first, then the birds, and so on. And with the correct answer, they place the chip in a row. The player who has laid out more chips wins.
Didactic game "When does this happen?"
Goals: to consolidate the knowledge of children about the parts of the day, develop speech, memory.
Game progress: The teacher lays out pictures depicting the life of children in kindergarten: morning exercises, breakfast, classes, etc. Children choose any picture for themselves, examine it. On the word "morning", all the children raise a picture associated with the morning, and explain their choice. Then day, evening, night. Children receive a token for each correct answer.
Didactic game "And then what?"
Goals: to consolidate the knowledge of children about the parts of the day, about the activities of children at different times of the day; develop speech, memory.
Game progress: Children sit in a semicircle. The teacher explains the rules of the game:
- Remember, we talked about what we do in kindergarten all day long? Now let's play and find out if you remember everything. We will talk about that in order. What we do in kindergarten in the morning. Whoever makes a mistake will sit on the last chair, and everyone else will move.
You can enter a playful moment: the teacher sings the song “I have a pebble. Whom to give? Whom to give? He will answer. "
The teacher begins: “We have come to kindergarten. Played on the site. And what happened then? " Gives a pebble to one of the players. He replies: "Did gymnastics" - "And then?" Passing a pebble to another child.
The game continues until the children say the last thing - going home.
Note. It is advisable to use a pebble or other object, since it is not the one who wants to answer, but the one who gets it. This forces all children to be attentive and ready to respond.
Didactic game "When do you do this?"
Target: to consolidate cultural and hygienic skills and knowledge of parts of the day, to develop attention, memory, speech.
Course of the game: The teacher names one child. Then he depicts some action, for example, washing his hands, brushing his teeth, cleaning shoes, combing his hair, etc., and asks: "When are you doing this?" if the child answers that he brushes his teeth in the morning, the children correct: "In the morning and in the evening." One of the children can be the leader.
Didactic game "Highlight the word"
Goals: teach children to clearly pronounce polysyllabic words loudly, develop auditory attention.
Game progress: The teacher pronounces the words and invites the children to clap their hands when they hear the words in which there is the sound "z" (the song of the mosquito). (Bunny, mouse, cat, castle, goat, car, book, call)
The teacher should pronounce the words slowly, after each word, pause so that the children can think.
Didactic game "Tree, shrub, flower"
Goals: consolidate the knowledge of plants, broaden the horizons of children, develop speech, memory.
Game progress: The presenter says the words "Tree, bush, flower ..." and bypasses the children. Stopping, he points to the child and counts to three, the child must quickly name where the presenter stopped. If the child does not have time or has incorrectly named, he is out of the game. The game continues until one player remains.
Didactic game "Where does that grow?"
Goals: learn to understand the processes occurring in nature; to give an idea of the purpose of plants; show the dependence of all life on earth on the state of the vegetation cover; develop speech.
Game progress: The teacher names different plants and shrubs, and the children choose only those that grow with us. If children grow up clap their hands or jump in one place (you can choose any movement), if not, they are silent.
Apple tree, pear, raspberry, mimosa, spruce, saxaul, sea buckthorn, birch, cherry, cherry, lemon, orange, linden, maple, baobab, tangerine.
If the children have done well, you can list the trees faster:
plum, aspen, chestnut, coffee. Rowan, sycamore. Oak, cypress \. Cherry plum, poplar, pine.
At the end of the game, it is summarized who knows the trees the most.
Didactic game "Who will be who (what)?"
Target: develop speech activity, thinking.
Game progress: Children answer an adult's question: "Who will be (or what will be) ... an egg, chicken, boy, acorn, seed, egg, caterpillar, flour, iron, brick, cloth, etc.?" If the children come up with several options, for example, from an egg - chicken, duck, chick, crocodile. Then they get extra forfeits.
Or the teacher asks: “Who was the chick (egg), bread (flour), machine (metal)?
Didactic game "Summer or Autumn"
Target: to consolidate the knowledge of the signs of autumn, their differentiation from the signs of summer; develop memory, speech; education of dexterity.
Game progress:
The teacher and children stand in a circle.
Educator... If the leaves turn yellow - this is ... (and throws the ball to one of the children. The child catches the ball and says, throwing it back to the teacher: "Autumn").
Educator. If the birds fly away, this is ... .. Etc.
Didactic game "Be careful"
Target: differentiation of winter and summer clothing; develop auditory attention, speech hearing; increase in vocabulary.
Listen carefully to the clothing verses so that you can list all the names that appear in these verses. First name the summer one. And then the winter one.
Didactic game "Take - do not take"
Target: differentiation of forest and garden berries; increase in vocabulary on the topic "Berries"; develop auditory attention.
Game progress: Children stand in a circle. The teacher explains that he will pronounce the name of forest and garden berries. If children hear the name of a wild berry, they should sit down, and if they hear the name of a garden berry, stretch their arms up.
Strawberries, blackberries, gooseberries, cranberries, red currants, strawberries, black currants, lingonberries, raspberries.
Didactic game "What is being planted in the garden?"
Target: teach to classify objects according to certain characteristics (according to the place of their growth, according to their application); develop quick thinking,
auditory attention.
Game progress: Children, do you know what is planted in the garden? Let's play a game like this: I will name different objects, and you listen carefully. If I name what is being planted in the garden, you will answer “Yes”, but if what is not growing in the garden, you will say “No”. Whoever makes a mistake leaves the game.
- Carrots (yes), cucumber (yes), plums (no), beets (yes), etc.
Didactic game "Who will most likely collect?"
Target: teach children to group vegetables and fruits; to educate the speed of reaction to the words of the educator, endurance and discipline.
Game progress: Children are divided into two teams: "Gardeners" and "Gardeners". On the ground lie dummies of vegetables and fruits and two baskets. At the command of the educator, the teams begin to collect vegetables and fruits, each in their own basket. Whoever collects first raises the basket and is the winner.
Didactic game "Who needs what?"
Target: exercise in the classification of objects, the ability to name things necessary for people of a certain profession; develop attention.
Educator: - Let's remember what people of different professions need to work. I will name the profession, and you will say what he needs to work.
The teacher names the profession, the children say what is needed for the job. And then in the second part of the game, the teacher names the object, and the children say for what profession it can be useful.
Didactic game "Make no mistake"
Target: to consolidate the knowledge of children about different sports, to develop resourcefulness, ingenuity, attention; foster a desire to play sports.
Game progress: The teacher lays out cut pictures depicting various sports: football, hockey, volleyball, gymnastics, rowing. In the middle of the picture is an athlete, you need to pick up everything he needs to play.
According to this principle, you can make a game in which children will select tools for various professions. For example, a builder: he needs tools - a shovel, a trowel, a paintbrush, a bucket; machines that facilitate the work of a builder - a crane, an excavator, a dump truck, etc. The pictures show people of those professions that children are introduced to throughout the year: a cook, a janitor, a postman, a salesman, a doctor, a teacher, a tractor driver, a locksmith, etc. they select images of the objects of their labor. The correctness of execution is controlled by the picture itself: from small pictures, a large, whole one should turn out.
Didactic game "Guess - ka!"
Target: to teach to describe an object without looking at it, to highlight essential features in it, to recognize an object according to the description; develop memory, speech.
Game progress: At the signal of the teacher, the child who received the chip gets up and makes a description of any object from memory, and then passes the chip to the one who will guess. Having guessed, the child describes his object, passes the chip to the next, etc.
Didactic game "Complete the sentence"
Target:
Game progress
The sugar is sweet, and the pepper is…. (bitter)
(yellow)
narrow)
The ice is thin, and the trunk is ... ( thick)
Didactic game "Where does that lie?"
Target: learn to select words with a given sound from a group of words, from a speech stream; to consolidate the correct pronunciation of certain sounds in words; develop attention.
Game progress: The teacher names the object and invites the children to answer where it can be put. For example:
- “Mom brought bread and put it in ... (bread bin).
- Masha poured sugar ... Where? ( Into the sugar bowl)
- Vova washed his hands and put the soap ... Where? ( Into the soap dish)
Didactic game "Catch Your Shadow"
Target: introduce the concept of light and shadow; develop speech.
Game progress: Educator: Who will guess the riddle?
I go - she goes
I stand - she stands
I will run - she is running. Shadow
On a sunny day, if you stand with your face, back or side to the sun, then a dark spot will appear on the ground, this is your reflection, it is called a shadow. The sun sends its rays to the earth, they spread in all directions. Standing in the light, you block the path of the sun's rays, they illuminate you, but your shadow falls on the ground. Where else is there a shadow? What does it look like? Catch up with the shadow. Dance with the shadow.
Didactic game "Complete the sentence"
Target: learn to supplement sentences with a word of the opposite meaning; develop memory, speech.
Game progress: The teacher starts the sentence, and the children finish it, they only say the opposite words in meaning.
The sugar is sweet, and the pepper is…. (bitter)
In summer, the leaves are green, and in autumn - ... .. (yellow)
The road is wide, and the path is…. ( narrow)
The ice is thin, and the trunk is ... ( thick)
Didactic game "Which subject"
Target: to teach to classify objects according to a certain criterion (size, color, shape), to consolidate the knowledge of children about the size of objects; develop quick thinking.
Game progress: Children sit in a circle. The teacher says:
- Children, the objects that surround us, are of different sizes: large, small, long, short, low, tall, wide, narrow. We have seen many objects of different sizes in the classroom and on walks. Now I will name one word, and you will list what objects can be called with one word.
In the hands of the teacher is a pebble. He gives it to the child who should answer.
- Long, - says the teacher and passes the pebble to a neighbor.
- Dress, rope, day, fur coat, children recall.
- Wide, - the educator suggests the next word.
Children are called: road, street, river, tape, etc.
The game is also carried out in order to improve the ability of children to classify objects by color, shape. The teacher says:
- Round ( ball, sun, apple, wheel, etc.)
Didactic game "What can animals do?"
Target: learn to create a wide variety of verbal combinations; expand the semantic content of the word in the mind; develop memory.
Game progress: Children turn into "animals". Everyone should tell what he knows how to do, what he eats, how he moves. The person who narrated correctly receives a picture of an animal.
- I am a red squirrel. I jump from branch to branch. I make supplies for the winter: I collect nuts, dry mushrooms.
- I am a dog, cat, bear, fish, etc.
Didactic game "Who will remember more?"
Target: enrich the children's vocabulary with verbs denoting the actions of objects; develop memory, speech.
Game progress: Carlson asks to look at the pictures and tell them what they are doing, what else they can do.
Blizzard - sweeps, blushes, purges.
Rain - pouring, drizzling, dripping, dripping, starts, whips,…
Crow- flies, croaks, sits, eats, sits down, drinks, drinks, etc.
Didactic game "Who hears what?"
Target: teach children to designate and name sounds with a word (ringing, rustling, playing, cracking, etc.); educate auditory attention; develop ingenuity, endurance.
Game progress: On the teacher's table, there are various objects, with the action of which a sound is emitted: a bell rings; rustling book, which is leafing; a pipe plays, a piano, gusli, etc. sound, that is, everything that is sounding in the group can be used in the game.
One child is invited behind the screen, who plays there, for example, the pipe. Children, having heard the sound, guess, and the one who played comes out from behind the screen with a pipe in hand. The guys make sure that they are not mistaken. Another child, chosen by the first participant in the game, will play with a different instrument. For example, he leafs through a book. Children guess. If they find it difficult to answer right away, the teacher asks to repeat the action, and listen to all the players more attentively. "The book is leafing through, the leaves rustle" - the children guess. The player comes out from behind the screen and shows how he acted.
This game can also be played while walking. The teacher draws the attention of the children to the sounds: the tractor is working, the birds are singing, the car is honking, the leaves are rustling, etc.