The role of playing children's development. The value of the game in the development of the child. Toys - basic value

The value of the game in the development of a child of a preschooler.

Preschool childhood - short, but an important period of personality formation. In these years, the child acquires initial knowledge about surrounding life, He begins to form a certain attitude towards people, to work, the skills and habits of the correct behavior are developed, the character is made.
The main activity of children preschool age - The game, in the process of which the spiritual and physical strength of the child develops: his attention, memory, imagination, discipline, dexterity, etc. In addition, the game is a peculiar, predetermined method of assimilation of social experience.
N.K. Belarusian in many articles spoke of the meaning of the game for the knowledge of the world, for the moral education of children. "... A amateur interactive game that helps to master the impressions have had a huge meaning, much more than anything else." The same thought expresses A.M. Gorky: "The game is the path of children to know the world in which they live and who are called to change."
The game forms all directions of the child's personality, there are significant changes in his psyche, prepare the transition to a new, higher stage of development. This explains the huge educational possibilities of the game, which psychologists consider the leading activity of the preschooler.
Special place occupied gameswhich are created by the children themselves - they are called creative or plot-role. In these games, preschoolers are reproduced by all that they see around themselves in the life and activities of adults. The creative game is most fully formed by the identity of the child, therefore is an important means of upbringing.
What gives the right to call the game of creative activities? The game is a reflection of life. Here everything is "as if", "Ponaroshka", but in this conditional situation, which is created by the imagination of the child, a lot of this: the actions of the players are always real, their feelings, experiences are genuine, sincere. The child knows that the doll and the bear are only toys, but loves them as alive, understands that he is not a "real" pilot or sailor, but he feels a brave pilot, a brave sailor who is not afraid of danger, truly proud of his victory.

Imprint adults in the game is associated with the work of the imagination. The child does not copy reality, he combines different impressions of life with personal experience.
Children's creativity is manifested in the plan of the game and in finding a means for its implementation. How much fiction is required to decide which journey to go, what to build a ship or a plane, what to prepare the equipment! In the game, children simultaneously act as playwrights, butafors, decorators, actors. However, they do not wear their idea, do not prepare for a long time to fulfill the role as actors. They play for themselves, expressing their dreams and aspirations, thoughts and feelings who own them at the moment. Therefore, the game is always improvisation.
The game is an independent activity in which children first come into communicate with peers. They are united by a single goal, joint efforts to achieve its achievement, common interests and experiences.

Children choose the game themselves, organize it themselves. But at the same time, no other activities have such strict rules, such conditional behavior, as here. Therefore, the game teaches children to subordinate their actions and thoughts of a certain goal, helps to educate focus.
In the game, the child begins to feel a member of the team, rightly assess the actions and actions of his comrades and its own. The task of the teacher is to focus on playing for such purposes that would cause the community of feelings and actions, to facilitate the establishment of relations between children based on friendship, justice, mutual responsibility.
Creative collective game is a school of educating the feelings of preschoolers. Moral qualities formed in the game affect the behavior of a child in life, at the same time skills that have developed in the process of everyday communication of children with each other and with adults receive further development in the game. The great art of the educator is required to help children organize a game that would encourage good actions, would cause the best feelings.
The game is an important means of mental education of the child. Knowledge gained in kindergarten and houses find practical application and development in the game. Reproducing various events of life, episodes from fairy tales and stories, the child reflects on what he saw what he was read and talked about; The meaning of many phenomena, their meaning becomes more understandable for him.

Types of games.

There are several groups of games that develop intelligence, the cognitive activity of the child:
I group - Site games like manipulations with toys and objects. Through toys - items - children know the shape, color, volume, material, the world of animals, the world of people, etc.

Group II - Creative games, plot-role-playing, in which the plot is a form of intellectual activity.

Intelligent Games like a "happy case", "What? Where? When?" etc. The data is an important part of the educational, but, above all, the extracurricular work of a cognitive nature.

At the end of the early childhood period, a game with a plot occurs from objective and manipulative activity. Initially, the child was absorbed by the subject and actions with him. When he mastered the actions, woven into collaborative activities with adults, he began to realize that he acts himself and acts as an adult. Actually, he earlier acted as an adult, imitating him, but did not notice that. As writes D.B. Elkonin, he looked at an adult, "like through the glass." In preschool age, the affect is transferred from the subject per person, thanks to which the adult and its actions become a sample for a child not only objectively, but also subjectively.

In addition to the necessary level of development of subject actions, it is necessary for the appearance of a plot-role-playing game with a fundamental change in the child's relationship with adults. The game cannot develop without frequent full-fledged communication with adults and without those diverse impressions of the surrounding world, which the child acquires, too, thanks to adults. We need a child and various toys, including unformed items that do not have a clear function that it could easily use as deputies of others. D.B. Elkonin emphasized: it is impossible to throw off the bars, glands, and other unnecessary, from the point of view of mom, trash, brought by children to the house. Then the child will get the opportunity more interesting to play, developing his imagination.
L.S. Vygotsky wrote: "... if in preschool age we would not have maturing unrealizable needs, we would not have games." The game, he wrote "should be understood as imaginary, illusory implementation of unrealizable desires." At the same time, it is emphasized that the basis of the game is not separate affective reactions, but enriched, although the child themselves is not conscious, affective aspirations.

The creative role-playing game becomes by definition by L.S. Vygotsky "The leading activity of a preschooler", which forms many of its psychological features, among which the most important is the ability to be guided by ethical instances. Theroll game is an activity in which children take on the role of adults and in generalized form, in play conditions are reproduced by adults and the relationship between them.

The directorial and figurative game becomes sources of a plot role-playing game that reaches its developed form to the middle of preschool age. Later out of it highlights games with rules. As indicated by I.Yu. Kulagin, the emergence of new types of games does not cancel completely old, already mastered - they are all preserved and continue to improve. In a plot-role-playing game, children actually reproduce human roles and relationships.

Pretary various changes, every plot role-playing game turns into a game according to the rules. This game gives the child two necessary abilities. First, the execution of rules in the game is always associated with their reflection and reproduction of an imaginary situation. The imagination is also associated with the meaning and, moreover, for its development implies special tasks for understanding. Secondly, the game with the rules teaches to communicate. After all, most of the games with the rules are collective games. They meet two kinds of relationships. This is a relationship of a competitive type - between the teams, between partners who have a direct opposite goal (if one wins, the other will lose), and the relationship of genuine cooperation - between the participants of the same command. Such cooperation, participation in collective activities helps the child to "go out" from the situation and analyze it as if. It is very important.

Conclusion

Preschool childhood is a period in which the active development of the whole person is in general. Speech is rapidly developing, creative imagination appears, the special logic of thinking, obeys the dynamics of shaped presentations. This is the time of the initial formation of the person. The emergence of emotional anticipation of the consequences of their behavior, self-esteem, complication and awareness of experiences, enrichment with new feelings and motifs of the emotionally-consuming sphere, finally, the emergence of the first essential ties with the world and the foundation of the future structure of the living world - these are the main features personal Development preschooler.
The game for preschool children is the source of global experiences of the dynamic of their own self, the test of the forces of self-stability.

Gaming activity - modeling of various life situations - is the predominant for children of preschool age. It is in the game that the child is developing, the roles are being worked out to play in adulthood, a way to interact with the surrounding world is being developed. Learning new skills, skills also occur in a game form. The leading role of the game in the development of a child of preschool age is due to the peculiarities of the development of the psyche of kids. Watching how children play, you can learn a lot about the conditions of their life, preferences, characteristics of character.

Psychology allocates all junior age As a period of active gaming activity. Parents often refer to children's fun with a useless occupation, a waste of time, try to replace them with really "important" deeds - special training exercises, lessons on various fashion techniques. However, the role of the game in the mental development of the child is paramount.

What is the meaning of the game, why is this activity so necessary kids?

Playing, children learn to create and dream, create their own reality: connecting his dreams and familiar to them true, the imagination is actively working in children.
There is a cognitive, cultural, social, physical development - kids recreate situations reflecting the interactions of people in society, enshrine their ideas about life.
Improved village qualities, the ability to build, plan your activity, which is a prerequisite for intellectual development.
A collaborative game brings closer, teaches to find a common language, come into contact and maintain it. The first friends appear in children in games. Feelings are formed, emotions, the experience of a wide variety of strong experiences, overcoming difficulties appears.
Enriched, children's speech is structured.

Playing, the preschooler comes to understanding the public essence of all things - every action, manipulation, the word makes sense for some person. Gradually, the child consists of the concept of the leading role of human relationships.

Pedagogy allocates many types of games:

Movable - training dexterity, speed, strength, as well as desire to defeat, perseverance, empathy, volitional qualities.
Logic - help in preparing for school, an important stage of becoming memory, perfection, the ability to look for a non-standard solution of the task.
Didactic - replenishing the vocabulary stock, the formation of a coherent speech, the ability to formulate their thoughts, the right attitude towards various aspects of life (nature, homeland, professions, people of different nationalities).
The plot role-playing game as a means of developing a child is in a special place, being an effective tool for the formation of mental functions, thinking, imagination, emotional sphere.

Game from infancy up to 7 years

Improving the development of gaming activities of children of preschool age is gradually, starting with the most primitive actions.

Admission to the first class does not interrupt this path - the value of the game in the life of schoolchildren is as large until the middle classes. Children socialized, master the arbitrary side of their activities, simulate more complex and long-term stories with plenty of roles.

The main components of creative games

The main components of the game are the content, the plot, the role.

The plot is a real life scope that children reproduce in their game. The main themes of the plots of children's game:

Life: family, hike in shop, guests, kindergarten, cooking dinner.
Production - Communication with professions is traced here: Hospital, Hairdresser, School, Supermarket, Construction site.
The socio-political story: "War", pirates, Indians.

The development of the plot role-playing game goes precisely in this order - from household situations to the most complex socio-political. This is due to the enrichment of the horizon and the ability to understand deeper social relations.

Often the favorite story of the game in children becomes the script of a popular cartoon, movie, books. Modern children play for hours in "Ninja-Turtles", "Puppies-rescuers", "Robots of Autobots". Watch what kind of situations imitates a child in such games maybe you will understand that it is worth more carefully selecting cartoons and movies to view.

With age, the living conditions of children are changing, the horizons are expanding, the number of plots for the game increases, some plots lose their relevance and cease to be used.

Holding the content of the game, the baby puts into it what is its current environment. Children reflect what they see and absorb from their nearest circle. Observing various variations in behavior in the game "Family", you can see the most different moms: swearing and punishing, preparing to eat and retractable working on the work, reading books by their daughters.

Along with enrichment of plots and content, the game is growing. Three-four-year-olds are able to continuously play no more than 15 minutes. Five-year-old children can be passionate up to an hour. Senior preschoolers unfold real playing for several hours, often continuing the same scene line For two to three days.

A creative game as a means of developing a child is exposed to adults, but their real impact is to supply children qualitative "material", to ensure an adequate "primary source". Parents and educators provide Wednesday and toys, but the most important contribution to the game of children is the work of adults themselves, since they are their behavior, reactions, emotions are reproduced in their games of the daisher.

More than an adult child, the motives of games become the motives - the needs of the kid to join the "big", adult peace, to become a full-fledged member of society, to take a recognized place in it, perform socially important, significant functions.

How to build a children's story-role-playing game

The structure of the game consists of the following components:

roles;
gaming actions;
game use of items (substitution);
real relationships between the guys.

Role

This is the most important component of any creative game - represents certain actions and statements characteristic of some person. The preschooler takes on the role of an adult, builds a gaming behavior, which, in his opinion, is inherent in this adult. The kid speaks appropriately talking, moves, makes manipulations with different objects.

Children are very selective to the roles. The child will mostly agree to the role of someone who causes its genuine interest, strong emotions, whose act impressed or delighted. The value also has the formation of relationships of this role with other participants of the game - whether the figure has a weight, how it makes up its interactions with the rest, how high the activity of the character is.

Gaming actions

The implementation of the role occurs through the game actions - all the relocation committed by the child, statements, manipulation with objects. The replacement of things of real life toys or some other objects - a reception, which will gradually develop abstract thinking and imagination. Usually by younger childMoreover, it will be happy to the toys - the crumb will be happy to use sticks, stones, pencils, paper, pillows with plaids.

Psychologists recommend parents to acquire fewer toys for their preschool. When the baby has a wide range of items that can fill any game, it disappears the need to fantasize, represent, abstract from a particular form. By providing a child a small set of ready-made toys, we give him the opportunity to develop more deeply and intensively.

Partnership interaction

Building partner cooperation of playing children includes the following points:

Joint discussion, planning the storyline, pronouncing some actions of playing.
Determining the role of each participant, selection of game attributes.
Controlling actions in the development of the plot.
Add adjustments to the game.

The older the participants of the game, the more progressive are their real functions, the ability to negotiate and adhere to the plan. Speaking about the role of creative games in the development of a child of preschool age, teachers and psychologists make focus on natural socialization, the ability to live in the interests of the team, the acquisition of partner spirit. The game has a leading importance for the formation of a children's team. Kids learn to hear each other, negotiate, search for a compromise, sacrificing their interests for the sake of the interests of their peers, applying the following tools:

Planning - future events, the plot is discussed by all participants.
Discussion of the initial plan - what roles will be performed by friends, is it possible to change roles so that everyone can be the main character.
Creating a Gaming Environment - Wednesday, Solid Filling.

Parents believe that children's games, being meaningless useless activities, devoid of goals and results. This is a misconception: the implementation of the received role is the goal, and the effectiveness of the role of the role, its correspondence to real heroes - result.

In order to organize gaming, directly role-playing communication within the selected plot, preschoolers use such techniques:

Changing roles. In the process of the game, children can repeatedly swap roles, introduce new characters, and from some get rid of.
Transition to gaming cooperation. Looking at each other, the kids play near, everyone is in its imaginary field, and only over time there is a merger of the plots and the creation of a common gaming space.
The guys are focused on the experiences that they experience in relation to the characters. Thanks to such empathy, interest in the game is maintained, the plot develops, the content is enriched.
Dramatization of events - increased emotional tensions, the need to help the heroes, save them - means of reviving the game, giving it an attractiveness, maintaining a high level of interest.

The role of adults in the organization of games

Parents and teachers should understand that the role of the game in the mental development of the child is not to teach certain plots, models of behavior, but in creating conditions for natural, free mastering the ability to communicate, empathize, be friends.

Suitable for gaming activities The environment often does not require any special spaces, lies in the simple presence of peers near and the absence of coercion, control by adults.

If the game is more complicated by the game, enriched with new ways of interaction, the ability to introduce new characters, the ability to combine different situations develop, the dialogues are being improved, then we can talk about the growth of the game level, which means that the number of its participants.

Educators in kindergarten have their own methodical problems on the organization of gaming activities:

To be included in the children's creative game, on your own example, demonstrating gaming activities.
Adjust the methods of deploying plot and game action in accordance with age.
To form game skills, explaining their meaning.
Follow the children in the game to reflect acquired skills, performances, learned behaviors, gently directing the guys.
Introduce didactic toys, learn an animation, creating a plot
To acquaint with desktop, rolling games, with rules.

Parents need to remember that the game activity of children is developing spontaneously, naturally, intuitively - there is no need to create a special developing climate, fill the environment with special toys. The constant active inclusion of parents in the children's game can even harm - the child will not be able to choose without the help of mom and dad and direct the storyline, fill the content, enrich role-play behavior, build interaction with friends.

The game for a child of pre-school age is the leading and most natural type of activity, an important condition for a full mental, moral, aesthetic, physical development, its socialization in society.
Children's games are generally the only natural labor of the child for which it is taken without coercion and external influence. At the same time, they are an excellent way to attach almost all the qualities of the nature that we appreciate in people, but who are often trying to instill verbal, i.e. verbal, methods or simple teaching, learning or exercise.
Playing, the child learns to live. During the game, he pretty easily masters, understands the essence and remembers its basic rules. In the future, such skills will be useful to him, in particular when studying at school. Moreover, during the game, depending on her stroke, the child must evaluate the situation and independently make decisions; He knows the need for cooperation, it seeks to respect the rights of another participant of the game, learns to restrain himself and their negative emotions; In return, expresses benevolence and sincerity.
No other activity is capable of a child of preschool age to give so many positive emotions that so much for healthy mental and physical development. There are no less benefits of the game and in older, but subject to the deepening of their social content.
Even a combination different species Activities do not cause a sharp change in dynamic stereotypes, does not violate the spiritual equilibrium of the child, but becomes a consistent fragment of his life, which unfolds directly.
The main thing is to not allow (especially under the age of 3) a sharp, quick transition from one type of activity to another, not having any logical connection, especially if it is little known or is completely unknown to the child. It causes a protest, reluctance, even painful fear before the new thing is that they offer. That is why children are painfully reacting to the fact that they are distracted from toys or games that completely captures them.
Before interfering in the world of children's game, adults are injured and destroying the world of fantasies, injury to the child's psyche, deform his imagination or, finally, give false samples of behavior with the feelings of others and attitude to the results of their labor. Therefore, it is so important to be tactical with children, busy games and toys. Do not rush to stop them, even if you have your own plans - on the contrary, take time, ask how your child is passionate about and what is the meaning. Unobtrusively join - Rift, and you will feel the particular appreciation of the child, his interest you.
Thanks to the gaming situation, you can teach a child to something cognitive and useful. As evidenced by observations, preschoolers love to play such games like "Daughters - Mother", "House", "Visiting" and others. Their stories of parents can always be directed to the assimilation of certain rules of life in the family, the fulfillment of duties and respecting ethics of behavior and relationships.
Guided by the folk wisdom that "children are easier to educate than to re-educate" and "to start raising you need when a child is still across the bed", you should always take care of what your child makes. And in order to send it to positive thoughts and good actions, it is advisable to pay more attention to the games of moral content: they can be both mobile, let's say, in the afternoon and quite calm - before bedtime.
A positive educational effect has such games as a "magic word" (when each request and action must be accompanied by proper selection and consumption of polite, pleasant words); "Store of the same purchase" (when a child mentally falls into the situation of choice, in which from a large proposal of various possible wishes has the right to choose only one thing.
By the way, such a situation "in the store" can be used to ensure that children are focused in the possibilities of the family budget, in utility or excessive things; learned to make a conscious choice for which they themselves will have to respond in the event of failure); "Good - bad" (when the essence of good and bad is revealed in the gaming situation, and he has a system of ideas about the causal relationships of various actions, actions and behavior as a whole) and others.
Many parents believe that games that are passionate about their children are common entertainment, and give them little importance. But according to experts, in the development of children the role of the game is so great that often on what kind of baby games play, its activities will depend on.
After all, in the process of the game, the nature of the child is developing and becoming it as a person, that's why it is not worth an adult to refer to the games of your own children with indifference, rejoicing that they are busy with anything, just not distracted from affairs.
Any games in which children are played up to 10 years are conditionally divided into 3 groups - these are training, movable and role-playing. The role of the learning games has an important role in the development of the child, especially the preschooler, as they introduce the subjects and their properties, with phenomena, develop thinking and observation, logic and memory. These games include board games (Domino, lotto, puzzles), designers, pyramids. The role of moving games in the development is enclosed in the education of the required behavior in the team, in teaching a child's abilities to comply with certain rules. Third Group - role-playing gamesAlso a lot is important for development. Playing in them a child, imitating adults, learns to correctly perceive the relationship between people among themselves and work, begins to evaluate interesting areas of activity in which he would like to manifest itself.
Just as children in adults learn to talk and dress, it is right and washed, they learn to play. Adults, acquiring new toys SMOBI, explain and show how such or another toy should work, how to use it correctly and thanks to this, the process of development of crumbs is accelerated. The child as you get acquainted with the world around him and with the people of all kinds of professions, copies all this in your process of playing people in different professions, as well as your own parents. And such copying in children is developing a creative rod, they have a desire to join adult life. It is very correct if adults are presented at home in the form of the game, it has a positive effect on development, since at home the baby begins to learn all the principles in the life of the family, the meaning of labor and the distribution of responsibilities.
Today also computer games in the lives of modern children play not a small role. The effect of them on the development of the child largely depends on the semantic load, as well as on the presence of violence in any forms, even if at first glance, and harmless. The most useful computer games For children are quests, since these are puzzles and logical tasks that affect the development of the growing generation of intelligence and attentiveness that does not contain both grams of cruelty and violence.
Similar games will always contribute to the formation of a child's ideas about politeness, about the priority of desires and needs, about the possibility of their satisfaction and develop and enrich its language, even if you do not clearly have a similar purpose of education.

The influence of the child's development game is that through it he meets with the behavior and relationships of adults who become a model for its own behavior and in it acquires basic communication skills, the quality necessary to establish contact with peers. Capturing the child and forcing him to obey the rules contained in the role of themselves, the game contributes to the development of feelings and volitional regulation of behavior. When a child plays a particular role, he is not just fictitiously transferred to an alien personality, taking on a role and entering it, he expands, enriches, deepens his own personality. On this basis, the identity of the child to his role is based on the value of the game for the development of not only imagination, thinking, will, but also the child's personality as a whole.

Personality and its role in life are closely interrelated; And in the game through the roles that the child accepts, his personality is formed and develops, he himself.

The game is closely connected with the development of the personality, and it is during her period of particular intensive development - in childhood - it acquires special importance.

In the early years of the child's life, the game is the type of activity in which his personality is being formed. The game is the first activity that owns a particularly significant role in the development of personality, in the formation of its properties and enrich its internal content, moral and volitional qualities.

In the process of development, personal significance and attractiveness are usually acquired, first of all, those actions and those manifestations of personality, which, becoming available, have not yet become everyday. It is new that only nor an aligned and not yet strengthened, as something familiar, the acquisition of development is most included in the game.

Entering the game and once at one time spent in it, the corresponding actions are fixed; Playing, the child makes better mastering them: the game becomes a kind of school of life for him.

As a result, it develops and prepare for further activities. He plays because it develops, and develops because he plays. Game is a development practice.

The game forms all directions of the child's personality, there are significant changes in his psyche, prepare the transition to a new, higher stage of development.

Various forms of adult activity serve as samples that are reproduced in the gaming activities of children. Games are organically connected with the entire culture of the people; They draw their content from labor and the life of others.

The game prepares the younger generation to continue the case of the older generation, forming, developing in it the ability and quality necessary for the activity they have to do in the future.

The first human needs and interests of the child are expressed in the game; Man appearing, they are in it at the same time and form. In the game all sides of the psyche of the child are formed.

In the game, the child is formed by imagination, which contains in itself and depart from reality, and penetration into it. The ability to transform reality in the image and transforming it in action, its change is laid and prepared in the game action; The game lays the way from feeling to organized action and from the action to the sense; In a word, in the game, as in focus, they are going to, it is manifested in it and all parties of the psychic life of the person are formed through it; Cast, which a child, playing, accepts, expands, enriched, the identity of the child is deepened. The game in one way or another are the properties necessary for teaching in school, causing readiness for learning.

The game is a particularly spontaneous quality of the child, and at the same time, the whole is built on the relationship between the child with adults.

From communication with adults, the child draws and the motives of their games. At the same time, it is especially first, a significant role in the development of games belongs to imitating the actions of adults surrounding the child.

Subsequently, the game, especially in adults, separating from non-game activity and complicating in its storyline maintenance, is at all goes on the stage, to the theater, on the stage, on the stage, separating from the life of the RamMoy, and takes new specific forms and features.

The game becomes art. This art requires a large special work on themselves. Art becomes a specialty, profession. The game goes into work here.

The internal character and the results of the development performed in the process depend on how the content acquires the game, reflecting the surrounding child's life of adults.

Thus, the gaming activity of the preschooler develops under the influence of education and training, it depends on the acquired knowledge and graft skills, from the formed interests of the child. In the game with a special force, individual features of children also appear, also affecting its development.

The value of gaming activities is that it has the greatest opportunities for the formation of children's society. It is in the game that the social life of children is most fully activated; It like no other activity allows children already in the earliest stages of development to create a self-deemed basis for certain forms of communication. In the game, as in the leading form of activity, mental processes are actively formed or rebuilt, ranging from the simplest and ending with the most difficult. In gaming activities there are particularly favorable conditions for the development of intelligence, to move from visual-effective thinking to elements of verbal and logical thinking. It is in the game that the child's ability to create systems of generalized typical images and phenomena develop, mentally convert them.

4. Goals, objectives, the content of preschoolers.

The game is a favorite type of activity of preschoolers. And no matter how important classes, training for school learning, the nature of the child requires the realization of the need for the game. The game gives for the development of the child: the ability to act in terms of ideas, due to which the development of productive imagination occurs; navigate in the sphere of human relations; coordinate its actions with other, constantly changing the situation of the game requires coordination of the efforts of its participants, which contributes to the development of cooperation, communication between children; Find out exits from a variety of life situations, flexibility, development of psychological stability, joyful and friendly emotional background.

Purpose:the disclosure of the child's personality, the development of its creative potential through the development of gaming activities.

Tasks:

Provide development in children of versatile submissions about reality and skills to use these ideas to create new plots of games.
Contribute to the emergence of friendly partnerships and gaming associations in the game, to teach children to negotiate with each other, rightly distribute the roles in ethically acceptable form to resolve conflicts.
Provide time and place for the game.
Development of speech activity of preschoolers, the ability to creativity in the game.
Create conditions for joint gaming activities for children and adults

According to its origin and content game is social phenomenon, due to the development of society and its culture, these are special forms of child's life in society, activities in which a child in play conditions performs the role of adults, reproduces their lives, labor, relationship; The form of knowledge of the world, leading activity in which the child satisfies its cognitive, social, moral, aesthetic needs.

5. Characteristics of the problems of the plot role-playing game in modern society.

Pre-school childhood - age-related stage, in a decisive degree defining the further development of a person. It is generally recognized that this is the period of the birth of the personality, the initial disclosure of the creative forces of the child, the formation of the foundations of individuality. The most important condition for the development of preschool children is the development of gaming activities.

The game is a self-fastened form of a child of preschool age. Replacing the game by other activities is impoverished by the identity of the preschooler, preventing the development of the imagination of the child, inhibits the development of communication with both peers and adults.

The game occupies a strong place in the system of physical, moral, labor and aesthetic education preschoolers. The personal qualities of the child are formed in active activity, and above all in the one that on each age stage becomes the leading, determines its interests, attitudes to reality, features of relationships with the surrounding people. In preschool age such leading activities is the game. Already on the younger age steps it is in the game that children have the greatest opportunity To be independent, at will communicate with peers, to implement and deepen your knowledge and skills.

The older children become, the higher the level of their common development and pupil, the more significant is the pedagogical focus of the game to form behavior, the relationship of children, to raising an active position.

An important part of the game is the conscious attitude of children to fulfill the rules of role-playing behavior, which displays the depth of development of reality. The role calls for children to obey defined rules behavior and follow social standards.

IN last years Many scientists and practices are alarming about the trend of the disappearance of the game from the life of children, especially in the senior preschool age. Analysis of the practice of work of pre-school institutions testifies to the deepening of the contradiction between the recognition of the role of the game in the development of a child of preschool age and a clear advantage towards learning children, early involve them in the additional education system.

Scene creative games are given a little time, and their content often does not correspond to the peculiarities of the subculture of the modern child. The guidance of preschoolers in kindergarten in kindergarten is borne by the imprint of excessactism and is carried out by analogy with training sessions, often on outdated and uninteresting modern children in a strictly regulated substantive gaming environment. Consequently, the game activity does not become the source of self-realization of the internal forces of the child. This leads to irreversible losses in the development of the psyche of the preschooler.

What is a children's game?

When studying the game, researchers face the multidimensionality of its manifestations, the fragility of its phenomenon. In many languages, the concept of "game" is transmitted by words, at the same time denoting joy, fun. This means that the game-activity that gives the child a pleasure characterized by an emotional lift

Meanwhile, the culture of the game in the modern world loses its position. Childhood is losing the meaning of a unique age period, where a genuine source of development of live communication and a game. A modern child is increasingly incorporated into cooperation relationships, mutual executions, partnerships.

The toy market is saturated with all sorts of samples, but, as observations show, most of them are focused on individual use. Loss to the transfer of traditions from older children - younger, from adults - children. TV or computer now the best friend of the child, they form a completely defined adult. It turns out that modern society focuses its members to individuality.

Today we will not see such a game as Daniel Borisovich Elkonin described it. Today role-playing games, even if they occur, differ with monotony. Changing the sociocultural living conditions of children, which intensively occurs in lately, entailed a change in the plots and maintaining the plot game, as well as the level of its development. What plots prefer to deploy modern children?

The principal difference of the game modern preschool children Dually: On the one hand, games borrowed from cartoons are very popular for superheroes, ninja turtles, spiders, Fay Winx, who can be presented with a typical set of simple actions or phrases. Relationship between characters is primitive.

On the other hand, preschoolers are limited in the assignment of social roles. The life of adults ceases to be the content of games. Place of close adults begin to occupy virtual characters. Most of the impressions are children get from television gear.

Another reasons for the disappearance of the game can be called the modern market of professions.

Recently, children do not know what their parents are engaged. In the column, the position - realtors, managers, dealers, agents, etc. Parents cannot clearly explain to the child than they do. From children's surveillance, the profession of the seller, tailor, etc., was taken away, and meanwhile conditions for these games are created, in many gardens there are artificially created game zones, but attributes for these games do not cause special interest in children.

In a senior preschool age, children continue to play plot-role games familiar topics ("Shop", "Hospital", "Hairdresser", etc.). When organizing such games, it is important to take into account the features of modern social life. For example, a more typical image of the store is a supermarket. Instead of a conventional hairdresser, a child is more common with a beauty salon with a wide range of services. Under the influence of broad familiarization with social reality and the media, new game topics appear in the game repertoire of the child: "Book Supermarket", "Travel Agency", etc.

Parental position deserves special attention: to form attitudes towards the game as a method of development. The company increases the value of early intellectual achievements, but the importance of interpersonal and moral formation of the individual, which is so necessary for gaming activities, decreases. The organization of meaningful games on social topics requires the allocation of relations between people who are the basis for building the plot. The absence of appropriate experience and arising from it the representations of the image of adulthood is an obstacle to the development of professional and public plots associated with the life of adults.

Often the game comes down to manipulating with a bright, fashionable toy. Inventing games, children are based on television information and computer games.

Often the game comes down to the accumulation, because you have as much as possible, transformers, Barbie in a children's subculture is considered prestigious.

Paradox is that often children do not know how to play how to develop game plot. This situation is largely due to the fact that in kindergarten the child is in the society of peers - children playing as well as he himself. Communication with children in the courtyard is limited due to the need to ensure the safety of the child on the street. Gaming experience is not transmitted from older children to younger, children do not have time to fully penetrate the "spirit of the game".

Modern child nowhere to learn to play. In such a situation, the gaming experience of the child must transfer the teacher of kindergarten. But as not sadly, the children do not know how to play correctly, the teacher itself becomes wine, i.e. its low gaming literacy, game culture. Education game is a mechanism for the natural assistance of the teacher of the child. It includes the direct interaction of the teacher with children in the game, monitoring the game of children, the study of children's capabilities and the prospects for the development of the game. The tutor must be attractive to the child a game partner who brings new content and new skills to the children's game. Another problem of the game of preschool children is an ambiguous attitude of adults to the games of modern preschoolers, manifested in the ban on teachers of some game topics, toys, which makes the game of the child more closed from adults than it was before.

The intrinsicness of the scene games of children indicates that they should take one of the main places in pedagogical process kindergarten. This requires the use of special pedagogical technologies based on the idea of \u200b\u200baccompanying the interaction of the teacher and the child.

The game, including the construction of relations, can influence the mental development of the child. The child must acquire the experience of gaming actions in cooperation with adults, peers, and strive to know the social reality surrounding it. Otherwise, the children who have not needed to regulate their behavior will go to school, evaluate themselves and control their desires.

So, summing up the above, I would like to say that the problems of the game of children of preschool age are, and they are obvious:

1. The plots of games of modern preschoolers reflect mainly the household side of life and television topics. Professional and public scenes are minimal.

2. Most modern preschoolers have the game does not reach its developed form.

3. Many children are hard to establish contact in the plot-role-playing game, take on the role of the leader, not retreat from the rules of the game.

4. The level of development of the game of modern preschoolers is significantly lower than their peers in the middle of the last century.

The current situation encourages to raise the question of the formation of a more serious and responsible attitude towards the game of preschool children - both teachers and parents and at the level of public educational policy. The reduction of preschool age can have the saddest effects for the personal development of the younger generation.

The role of the game in the upbringing and development of the child of preschool age

The game is one of the forms of manifestation of personality activity, one of the activities.

Children's game is a way to reproduce by children of adults and relations between them, aimed at knowledge of the surrounding reality.

During the preschool childhood, the child is included in different activities. But the game is a special type of activity on the possibilities that it opens for a child. The role of the game in the upbringing and development of the child of preschool age was disclosed in the works of L. S. Vygotsky, S. L. Rubinstein, N. N. Podkyakov, etc.

The game is the most important scope of the child's self-expression, the development of his "self." The game fully performs its developing functions when independent child activities.

The date of the child is the possibility of emotionally rich in the life of adults based on the reproduction of their social relations. The game creates favorable opportunities for the child's development and self-assessment.

In the game, the child begins to realize himself as a member of a specific team, for the first time a sense of unity appears, the concept of "we" appears. Children begin to evaluate each other, public opinion appears. Accordingly, thanks to the game, the children's group develops as a team.

The game is actively formed by the ability to carefully relate to the point of view of the other, look at the world from his position. Thus, it is stimulated overcoming children's egocentrism, the transition to a new stage of intellectual development.

In the process of organization educational activities Children The educator widely uses playing technologies for children training (for example, logical and mathematical and didactic games). The game acts as a shell is a certain framing of educational activities (for example, a journey game, etc.). Various game techniques are applied in educational activities: actions with toys, game imitation of movements, actions, speech, gaming roles. These techniques support the attention of children, contribute to the increase in cognitive activity, stimulate the manifestations of creativity.

Professionally important qualities of the teacher in relation to the game activity of children:

* The ability to watch the game, analyze it, evaluate the level of development of gaming activities; Plan the techniques aimed at its development;

* enrich the impressions of children in order to develop their games;

* to draw the attention of children to such impressions of their lives that can serve as a plot of a good game;

* To be able to organize the beginning of the game;

* Widely use indirect methods of guiding game, activating the mental processes of a child, his experience, problem gaming situations (questions, tips, reminders) and d. ;

* create favorable conditions for moving the game to a higher level;

* To be able to turn on the game on the main or secondary roles, to establish game relationships with children;

* be able to train the game direct methods (show, explanations);

* regulate the relationship, resolve conflicts arising in the game process, give bright gaming roles for children with low sociometric status, include in the game activity of shy, unsure, low-active children;

* Offer with the goal of developing new roles, game situations, game action;

* Teach children discuss the game and appreciate it.

Preschool childhood is a sensitive period of the game. If at this time the child played from the soul, then in the future it easily adapts to any situations, taking over various roles, for example, the role of the student.

Bibliography

1. Gogoberidze A. G., Derkunskaya V. A. Theoretical pedagogy. Travel Guide for a student. - St. Petersburg. : Publishing house RSUP them. A. I. Herzen, 2004.

2. Pre-school pedagogy with the basics of educational and training techniques. Textbook for universities. Standard of the third generation / ed. A. Gogobheridze, O. V. Solntseva. - St. Petersburg. : Peter, 2013.

3. Game and preschooler. Development of children of senior preschool age in gaming activities / Ed. T. I. Babayeva, Z. A. Mikhailova. - St. Petersburg. : Childhood-press, 2004.

4. Kodjaspirova G. M., Kodjaspirov A. Yu. Pedagogy dictionary. - Moscow: ICC "March"; Rostov N / D: Publishing Center "March", 2005.

www.maam.ru.

The role of the game in the speech development of the child of the younger preschool age

The role of the game B. speech development child of junior preschool age

The game occupies a huge place in the life of children of junior preschool age. It is absolutely necessary as for the general mental Development a child and specifically for the formation of his self-consciousness [T. N. Doronova 2006. - 208 s].

In preschool pedagogy, the game has long been used to train and raising children. It was an indispensable attribute of folk pedagogy. Its samples were transmitted to the smallest children from generation to generation through adults and older children [T. N. Doronova, L. N. Galiguzova, L. G. Golubev, etc. 2007. - 303С. ].

The game is a multifaceted concept. It means occupation, recreation, entertainment, fun, fun, competition, exercise, training in the process of which is brought up by the requirement of adults to children, the demands of children to themselves. As indicated by A. S. Vygotsky [L. S. Vygotsky1966. - from. 17 - 25], A. V. Zaporozhets [A. N .. Leontiev 1975. - 359c], A. N. Leontiev [A. N .. Leontiev 1975.- 193С], A. A. Lublin [A. And Lublinsky 1972. - 256C], S. A. Rubenstein [L. S. Rubinstein T. 1. - s. 360-480, T. 2. -C. 78-89]., D. P. Elkonin [D. B. Elkonin 1978. - 304c] consider the game by the presenter of the preschooler.

One of the types of children's activities, which is used by adults in order to educate preschoolers, teaching them various actions with objects, methods and means of communication. In the game, the child develops as a person, he has the ones of psyche, which will subsequently depend on the success of his educational and work activity, its attitude towards people. For example, the game is formed by the quality of the child's personality, as a self-regulation of action, taking into account the tasks of collective activities [M. Gening, N. A. Herman 1980. - 270c].

"For the guys of preschool age, the game have exceptional importance: the game for them is a study, the game for them is a work, a game for them is a serious form of education" - these words belong to the Russian teacher N. K. Krupskaya [N. K. Krupskaya, 1980. -263 p. ].

In pre-school pedagogy, the game is considered as one of the most effective means of organizing the lives of children and their joint activities. A child in childhood should play, the game for him is the norm. The game reflects the domestic need of a child of active activity. She acts as a means of knowledge of the surrounding world, in the game, children enrich their sensual and life experience, enter into relationships with each other and with adults, organize a children's play community.

The great importance of the game for the development of all mental processes and the personality of the child as a whole gives reason to believe that it is this activity that is in preschool age leading.

There is a speech and thinking in the game.

The game is impossible without speech communication. A well-developed speech is a prerequisite for successful schooling.

The reason for the acute need to develop the speech of children is the need to communicate a person with his people around him, and what would be clear, it is clear and interesting to others need to spend a variety of games, develop methods for holding games to ensure that children are interested in gaming activities.

For the development of children's speech, various games are held in kindergarten, both in class and in the free activities of children.

Therefore, the role of the game in the development of speech in children of preschool age occupies a leading place. Through game rooms, sports halls, sites for walking and didactic games are created special conditionsIn which in the game form, the child develops speech.

Significant experience accumulates a child in the game. From yours gaming experience The child draws the ideas that he binds with the word. The game and work are the strongest incentives for the manifestation of children's independence in the field of language; They should be primarily used in the interests of the development of children's speech.

With objects presented in the game, the child comes into frequent re-communication, as a result of which they are easily perceived, imprinted in memory. Each item has its own name, each action is inherent in its verb [E. I. Tyheva, 1981 - 52c. ].

The word is for a child part of reality. It follows from this, as important in the interests of stimulating the activities of children and developing their language, it is thought out to organize their game setting, to provide them with objects, toys, toys that will feed this activity and, based on it, to develop their language enriched in the relevant selection. [E. I. Tyheva, 1981 - 52c. ].

It is thanks to linguistic games in children there is a culture of communication and speech: the correctness of the stagnation of stresses in words, the clarity of pronunciation, the ability to correctly formulate proposals and its thought in general.

Therefore, the role of games in the development of speech remains relevant. You can start playing didactic games that stimulate the development of speech. They forms a coherent speech and memory, as well as teaches care.

The role of games in the development of colossal speech - with their help is replenished and vocabulary is being formed. The gaming situation requires each child a certain level of development of speech communication. The need to be explained with peers stimulates the development of connected speech.

According to teachers, the role of the game in the development of speech occupies an important place also because the game is not only entertainment, but also the creative child's work, this is what he starts his life. In the process of the game, the children learn not only the world around them, but also themselves, their place in the world.

There is a bilateral connection between the game and the speech: on the one hand, the speech is developing and activated in the game, on the other - the game itself is improved under the influence of speech.

The game is exactly the same vector of movement in the educational space, which implements educational, correction, developing and educational tasks, combines teachers, children and parents, meets the requests of the state educational policy and new federal state standards.

Position M. Montutenswori: "The game must be a training, otherwise it is a" empty game "that does not affect the development of the child" [S. A. Kozlova, T. A Kulikova, 2002.].

R. I. Zhukovskaya, D. V. Mengeitskaya believe that the leading role in the game is given to the teacher. The teacher enriches the presentation of children about the organization by organizing classes, excursions, reading artistic works and work on the creation of an elevated gaming environment. In this regard, in pedagogy, the methods of direct and indirect management of the game are developing.

Direct Guide is that the tutor has an impact on the choice of the theme and the development of its plot, and helps children to distribute roles by filling them with moral content. Indirect manual is an indirect influence of the educator on the game through the introduction of toys, through the acceptance of certain roles [R. I. Zhukovskaya, 1975. - 333С. ].

Near the authors (L. B. Baryaeva, A. P. Zarina, N. D. Sokolova) It is noted that in the course of the educational games it is necessary to teach children to accompany the play actions by speech, facial expressions, gestures. In the process of training, the speech therapist teacher, the educator, on the one hand, gives a sample correct, clear speech, and on the other, it stimulates their own statements [L. B. Baryaeva, A. P. Zarin, N. D. Sokolova, 1996. - 95С. ].

Experience of speech therapists (Yu. F. Garkusha, V. I. Seliverstov, L. N. Usacheva, T. B. Filichva, etc.) show that the learning of knowledge, speech skills and skills occurs more easily and firmly in terms of inclusion of various speech species of games and game situations in the process of learning [Y. F. Garkushi, 2002. - P. 44 - 47]. [L. N. Usacheva, 1983. - 24c. ]. [T. B. Filichova, 2003. - 480s. ].

Thus, we found out that many studies are dedicated to the problem of playing children of preschool age. Most teachers consider the game, as a serious and necessary activity for the child, but each from their point of view. The game is considered the leading activity of the preschooler. One of the types of children's activities, which is used by adults in order to educate preschoolers, teaching them various actions with objects, methods and means of communication. In the game, the child develops as a person, he has the ones of psyche, which will subsequently depend on the success of his educational and work activity, its attitude towards people.

Gaming activity retains its importance and role as a necessary condition for the development of speech and the comprehensive development of their personality, intellect. On the other hand, the shortcomings of sound-proof, limited, vocabulary, violation of the grammatical system of speech, as well as changes in the tempo of speech, its smoothness - all this affects the playing activities of children, generates certain features of behavior in the game. Without specially organized learning, the game aimed at expanding the dictionary and life experience of children does not arise independently. The main knowledge and impressions of children receive only in the process of targeted gaming activities. The task of the teacher is to organize the management of the game, which ensures maximum updating available to the child. Completeness of the development of the game, and, consequently, its correctional value increases with the planning of the educational effects. The speech of children in gaming activities is developing faster, as the game is the leading type of child activity - a preschooler, and most of his time the child spends behind a variety of games. The game in speech development is an integral part of the child's life of the younger preschooler. And the main part of the participation of parents and educators who can correctly organize children's games, tell.

Bibliographic list

1. Vygotsky L. S. Game and its role in the psychological development of the child // Questions of psychology. - M.: Enlightenment, 1966. - with. 17 - 25.

2. Garcushi Yu. F., correctional-pedagogical work in DW for children with violations of speech [Text] / Ed. Yu. F. Garkushi. - M.: Academy, 2002. - P. 44 - 47.

3. Herbova V. V. Development of speech in kindergarten: Program and guidelines. M., 2007.

4. Herbova V. V. Development of speech. 24 years. M., 2003.

5. Doronova T. N. Education, education and development of children of 3 -4 years in kindergarten: method. Guide for educators working on the program "Rainbow" / Sost. Doronova T. N. - M.: Enlightenment, 2006. - 208 p.)

6. Doronova T. N., Galiguzova L. N. The program "From childhood - to the denial" - M., 2007

7. Zhukovskaya, R. I. Education of the child in the game [Text] / R. I. Zhukovskaya. - M. Enlightenment, 1975. - 333С.

8. Krupskaya N. K. The role of the game in kindergarten. // Ped. cit. - M.: 1980. -263 p.

9. Leontyev A. N. Word in speech activity. - M.: thought, 1975.- 193С.,

10. Leontiev, A. N. Psychological Fundamentals preschool game [Text] / A. N. Leontyev. - M.: Enlightenment, 1983. - 323С.

11. Lublinskaya A. A. The educator about the development of the child. - M.: Enlightenment, 1972. - 256C.

12. Rubinstein L. S. Basics of general psychology: uch. allowance: in 2 tons. T. 1. - with. 360-480, 1988.

13. Rubinstein L. S. Basics of general psychology: uch. Manual: in 2 tons. T. 2. -C., 78-89, 1988

14. Seliverstov V.I. Speech games With children [Text] / V. I. Seliverstov. - M.: Vlados, 1994. - 344c.

15. Tyheva. E. I. Development of children: E. I. Tyheva. - M.: Enlightenment, 1681. - 159С.

16. Usacheva. L. N. Correctional focus of the game activity of preschoolers with a common underdevelopment of speech (plot-role-playing game) [Text]: Author. dis. Cand. Ped. Science / L. N. Usacheva. - M.: MSU, 1983. - 24c.

17. Frolova A. N. Preschool pedagogy: Abstract of lectures / Frolova A.N. - Rostov N / D: Phoenix, 2009. 251c.

18. Elkonin D. B. Psychology of the game - M.: Pedagogoga, 1978. - 304c.

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Parental Assembly "The Role of Games in the Development of Preschool Children"

Objective: Increasing the pedagogical competence of parents on the issue of gaming activities in children of preschool age

1. To form the concept of parents about the possibility of playing as a means for the development of intellectual and cognitive activity.

2. Stimulate parental interest for joint gaming activities with your own child.

3. Discuss the issue of organizing the game environment in a kindergarten and family; On the advantages and disadvantages of toys.

Participants: Parents, Parents

Preparatory work:

memo on the game (Appendix 1,

tips (Appendix 2,

materials for creative work (Appendix 3,

Equipment:

Tables are arranged in a circle;

A selection of didactic games,

Event flow

1. Opening part

Many of us still remember our favorite toys, games. They preserved rejoiced about our children's games and fun, we "return" many years ago, in our childhood. In many families, toys are moving from generation to generation, these toys have a certain value, pleasant, kind children's memories.

In order for our conversation to be sincere and frank, I suggest you fill the business card. On the business card, write your name, patronymic and draw a picture corresponding to your mood (Sun, Tuchka, etc.)

Psychological workout "Smile"

I want to know: do you have a good mood? How to give it to other people when meeting? How to report your good mood without words? Of course, a smile. They smiled at the right to the right, smiled a neighbor on the left. Smile can warm up with its warmth, show your friendliness and improve your mood.

Playing ball.

1. What game played recently with the child?

2. If the child is asked to play with him, your actions.

3. What games does your child play more often?

4. When choosing a new toy, what are you consider than guiding?

5. What games played in childhood, are you telling the child?

6. If a toy broke, how do you enter in such cases?

7. Where is your child playing at home. What conditions are created?

8. What toys are loved in a child?

9. Who plays the child more often: Mom or Dad?

2. "And we, in kindergarten, we play" (View presentations)

1. Didactic games are specially developed for children, for example, a lotto to enrich knowledge and for the development of observation, memory, attention, logical thinking.

2. Moving games - a variety of intent, rules, character of the movements performed. They contribute to strengthening children's health, develop movements. Children love moving games, gladly listen to music and know how to rhythmically move under it.

3. Building games - with sand, cubes, special construction materials, develop structural abilities in children, serve as a kind, preparation for mastering in the future work skills and skills;

3. Exercise "I'll start, and you will continue" - "The game is ..."

The game is (fun, interesting, exciting).

In order for the game to be an interesting, developing, etc.

Any toy should be what (parents' answers)

1. Aesthetic;

3. Develop;

4. Entertain the child.

4. Games in the kitchen

1. "Shell from eggs"

2. "Dough"

Look all that wanted.

3. "Pasta"

Fancy patterns, along the way, studying the shapes and colors on the table or sheet of paper.

4. "Manka and beans"

Mix some quantity, suggest choosing beans from the mankey.

5. "Pea"

Sleep peas from one cup to another. Sort: peas, beans

6. "Hercules"

Pour a cereal in a bowl and buried small toys in it. Let him find.

7. "Various small cereals"

Suggest a child to draw a crop picture. For quite small - to push the croup from the bowl in a bowl of a spoon.

9. "Disposable cups"

You can insert one in another, make pyramids of different heights.

10. "Dry breakfast rings"

Suggest lay out drawings from them or stripped on a laughter - beads and bracelets.

Creative work of parents (Appendix 6).

We have now been convinced that in the kitchen you can play with the child. I suggest you yourself make artistic application from plasticine and various croup so that you can do it at home with your kids. Go to the table and take all the materials you need to work (parents perform the applications to the music).

Be sure to show your work at home and make it even better with them!

6. Final part.

Collection comes to an end. I would like to express your gratitude for participation, for finding time to come to our meeting at the round table. I think that now each of you can answer the question of our meeting: "The role of the game in the life of the child."

Reflection:

1. Impression from the parent meeting.

2. What conclusions you made (the statements of parents).

The game is the leading activity in preschool age, the activity determining the development of intellectual, physical and moral forces of the child. The game is not empty fun. It is necessary for the happiness of children, for their health and proper development. The game pleases the children, makes them merry and cheerful. Playing, children move a lot: run, jump, make buildings. Thanks to this, children grow strong, strong, dexterous and healthy. The game develops in children's intelligence, fantasy. Playing together, the children teach together to live together, to give way to each other, take care of comrades.

And in conclusion I want to tell you: let's play together with your children as much as possible. Remember, the game is a wonderful source of strengthening the physical, spiritual and emotional state of health. Open the world with the child! To new meetings!

Attachment 1.

Adult advice

1. The practice is important. Play with children as often as possible!

2. Welcome the manifestation of any feelings, but not any behavior.

4. Pay special attention to the shooting children.

Game with a child will teach us:

Talking to a child in his language;

Overcome the feeling of superiority over the child, its authoritarian position (and therefore egocentrism);

To revive children's features: immediacy, sincerity, freshness of emotions;

Discover a way of learning through imitation of samples through an emotional feeling, experience;

Love children as they are!

Appendix 3.

Materials for creative work of parents.

1. Shell from eggs.

2. Pasta.

3. Manka and beans.

5. Hercules.

6. Various small cereals.

7. Dry breakfasts of "rings" and so on.

8. Plasticine.

9. Cardboard blanks (circle, oval, square)

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The role of the game in the development of the preschooler - Consultations for educators - Methodical piggy bank - Madou "Berzka"

The role of the game in the development of the preschooler

The role of the game in the development of children of preschool age

In any preschool program, the basis of the educational process is a different kind of activity of the child, to the greatest extent contributing to the solution of developing tasks in the present age stage. To such a developing preschooler, activities are usually attributed:

Communication

Elements of training activities

Cognitive-research activities (experimentation).

Currently, the organization of gaming activities in kindergarten began to pay much attention in connection with the introduction of FGT requirements into pre-school education. Federal state requirements also define the game as a leading type of activity of the preschooler. Functional features of the game:

Polyfunctionality - the ability to grant the personality position of the subject of activity instead of the passive "consumer" of information, extremely important for the effectiveness of the educational process.

The game belongs to the indirect exposure method: the child does not feel like an adult influence, is a full-fledged subject of activity.

The game is such a means where the upbringing goes into self-education.

The game is closely connected with the development of the personality, namely during its particular intensive development in childhood, it becomes of particular importance.

In the early, pre-school years of the child's life, the game is the type of activity in which his personality is being formed.

What does the game give? The game gives:

Freedom (the game is not the task, not a debt, not the law. By order it is impossible to play, only voluntarily);

Break in everyday life;

Access to another state of the soul;

Order (rule system in the game is absolute and undoubted. It is impossible to violate the rules and be in the game);

Interest (there is no partial benefit in the game. It intensively involves the whole person, activates its abilities);

The ability to create and rally the team;

An element of uncertainty that excites, activates the mind, configures to find optimal solutions;

The concept of honor;

The concept of self-restriction and self-sacrifice in favor of the collective, since only the "played" team will achieve success and perfection in the game.

Physical improvement;

The ability to express or improve your creative skills in creating the necessary game attributes;

Development of imagination, since it is necessary to create new worlds, myths, situations, the rules of the game;

The ability to develop your mind because it is necessary to build intrigue and implement it;

Joy of communicating with like-minded people;

The ability to navigate in real life situations, losing them repeatedly and as it were, in his fictional world.

The child plays because it develops and develops, because it plays.

Requirements for the game:

The game should be based on the free creativity and amateurness of children;

The game must be accessible; The goals of the game are achievable; And the design is colorful, diverse;

The mandatory element of each game is its emotionality (the game should cause pleasure, cheerful mood, experience in combating negative emotions);

Competition is required between teams or individual participants.

In order for the game to be an effective means of developing and upbringing a child, the following conditions are needed to organize and conduct games:

Emotional (to attract the child, delivered him pleasure, joy);

Cognitive, training (the child should learn something new, to recognize something, decide, thinking);

Games should be socially oriented.

Based on the above, we will focus on modern approaches to the classification and typing games in preschool age.

Details on the site dsberezka.ucoz.net

Parent Meeting Subject: "The role of the game in the development of preschool children"

sun., 04/06/2014

MBDOU D / C №29 "Zhuravushka" Surgut

Shape: Round Table

Purpose: increasing the pedagogical competence of parents on the issue of gaming activities in children of middle preschool age

Tasks:

To form the concept of parents about the possibility of playing as a means for the development of intellectual and cognitive activity.
Stimulate parental interest for joint gaming activities with your own child.
Discuss the issue of organizing the game environment in a kindergarten and family; On the advantages and disadvantages of toys.

Participants: educators, parents

Preparatory work: questioning of parents (Attachment 1) ,

individual invitations (Appendix 2) ,

memo for parents (Appendix 3) ,

memo on the game (Appendix 4) ,

advice (Appendix 5),

materials for creative work (Appendix 6) ,

group decoration, musical accompaniment.

A selection of didactic games, "Dienesh logical blocks";

On a separate table - cards and equipment for creative work of parents;

Record player.

The entrance word of the educator, he opens up the parent meeting, announces the agenda, introduces the procedure for his conduct.

1.Opening part

- Good evening, dear parents! We are glad to meet you with our round table. Today we will talk to you about children's games, toys, about the meaning of them in the knowledge of the surrounding world, about their influence on the development of our children.

Psychological workout "Smile"

I want to know: do you have a good mood? How to give it to other people when meeting? How to report your good mood without words?

Of course, a smile. They smiled at the right to the right, smiled a neighbor on the left. Smile can warm up with its warmth, show your friendliness and improve your mood.

Playing ball.

Answer questions, please honestly and frankly.

Which game played recently with the child?
If a child is asked to play with him, your actions.
What games does your child play more often?
When choosing a new toy, what are you consider than guiding?
What games played in childhood, are they telling the child?
If a toy broke, how do you enter in such cases?
Where is your child playing at home. What conditions are created?
What toys are loved in a child?
Who plays more often with the child: Mom or Dad?

This topic "The role of the game in the development of preschool children" was not chosen by chance, because each of you dreams of how the child grew smart, independent, in order to take a worthy place in the life of society. Children are brought up in games just as in other activities.

Performing one or another play role, they seem to prepare themselves to the future, to the serious life of adults. It can be said that the game for the kid is a time machine: she gives him the opportunity to live the life that he has to be in many years. The value of the game, its influence on the development of the child's personality is difficult to overestimate.

Like a magic wand, the game can change the attitude of children to everything. The game can rally children's team, to include children of closed and shy children in the active activity, to bring conscious discipline in the game.

2 .Analysis of the results of the questionnaire (Attachment 1)

When preparing our meeting, we conducted questioning parents. (Statements of the teacher on the analysis of the questionnaire.)

3 .« And we, in kindergarten, we play "(View presentations)

Didactic games - Specially designed for children, for example, lotto to enrich knowledge and for the development of observation, memory, attention, logical thinking.
Outdoor games - a variety of intent, rules, character of the movements performed. They contribute to strengthening children's health, develop movements. Children love moving games, gladly listen to music and know how to rhythmically move under it.
Building games - with sand, cubes, special construction materials, develop constructive abilities in children, serve as a kind, preparation for mastering in further labor skills and skills;

4. Scene-role games - Games in which children imitate the household, labor and public activity of adults, such as playing kindergarten, hospital, mother's daughter, shop, railway. Scene gamesIn addition to cognitive destination, develop children's initiative, creativity, observation.

5. Musical toys - Rattles, Bells, Bubrentes, Duffers, Metallophones, Toys, depicting piano, balalaiki, etc. Musical instruments.

What can develop musical toys from a child? Musical toys contribute to the development of speech breathing, hearing.

6. Theater toys - dolls of biba, finger theater, desktop theater.

Do these toys need children? (parents' answers)

These toys develop speech, imagination, teach a child to take a role.

In the game, the child acquires new and clarifies the knowledge already available to him, activates the dictionary, develops curiosity, torture, as well as moral qualities: will, courage, excerpt, the ability to give up. He has the beginning of collectivism.

The child in the game depicts what he saw, survived, he masters the experience of human activity. The game is brought up with the attitude towards people, to life, a positive attitude of the games helps to keep the cheerful mood.

Adults, playing with the children, they themselves enjoy and guys deliver great joy.

4. "Let's play together" - the practical part.

We offer to play with logic cubes and Dienesh blocks. We successfully use the Didactic material "Logic blocks", developed by a Hungarian psychologist and Mathematics Dienesh. The developing game is designed for children from 2 to 10 years.

Playing, children are able to comprehend complex mathematical and logical operations. Dieenasi logical blocks are based on a kit based, which consists of 48 geometric shapes - four forms (circles, triangles, squares, rectangles); three colors (red, blue and yellow); two sizes (large, small); Two volumes (thick, thin). Games:

Familiarization of children S. geometric figures and the form of objects
Development of thought skills: compare, analyze, classify, summarize, abstruct, encode and decode information
Assiments of elementary skills of algorithmic culture of thinking
Development of educational processes of memory perception, attention, imagination
Development of creative abilities.

Let's play the game "Pearing for Clash" (the educator explains the sequence of action of the game).

Exercise "I will start, and you will continue" - "The game is ..."

Any toy should be what? (parents' answers)

1. Aesthetic;

2. Safe (in terms of paint, material quality);

3. Develop;

4. Entertain the child.

5. Games in the kitchen

And now we will play a little more. Please take part. For you, we have prepared questions. (In the vase there are leaves with questions.)

A lot of time the whole family spends in the kitchen, and especially women. What do you think, is it possible to find a child there? What can a child be taken using the following materials? (Parents pull notes from the vase)

(Music sounds, the vase is moving in a circle. The music stops, the one is responsible, in whose hands was a vase. Wishers can add the answer.)

1."Shell from eggs"

Slide the shell into pieces that the child can easily take fingers. Apply a thin layer of plasticine to the cardboard - this is a background, and then offer the child to lay a pattern or a pattern from the shell.

2."Dough"

Details on the site tmndetsady.ru

in the development of the musical creativity of the child of preschool age "

Material prepared:

higher qualifying category

Homichuk N. N.

The relevance of the creativity of children of preschool age is the non-standard form of creative manifestation of their "me", self-realization, creative courage. This is the natural behavior of the child in his imaginary creative world.

Creativity is the ability to creativity, the ability to invent something, generate unusual ideas, find a non-standard solution. This is the ability to respond to the need for new approaches, new ideas, creating a "new creative product". Creative man is a creative gifted personality, a vanity, a fifteentist.

Classification of creative creative games, musical training.

Creative creative games are divided into:

Vocal exercises and workouts;
Music - creative games and tasks;
Vocal Motor Games;
Non-standard figurative-speech games (imitative games.);
Bioenergetic charging (game self-massage.);
Special gaming tasks (articulation gymnastics, pantomime exercises, igrinder, breathing exercises.).

Creative musical occupation consists of elements of musical - creative games, or completely built on non-standard exercises, special tasks.

I will give a few examples of creative games.

Creative games, tasks

Everyone is well known that for the development of children, the feelings of rhythm, tact, musical hearing and memory is needed closely to acquaint them with musical games. At the heart of the musical creative game - inspiration, excitement, fascination, the intensity of experiences. This is a direct bridge of fudge from imagination into reality.

I will give an example of creative games:

"Musicians".

This is a game using any musical instruments Same, or different on the timbre (tambourines, sounding hammers, cubes, sticks, etc.).

Purpose of the game: Development of grade memory.

There are three subgroups of children in the game, and a child or an adult can be watering.

First stage of the game:

Driving - adult. The task of the leading is to ask a rhythm of any subgroup of children, in turn, the performers (children) must reproduce the rhythm on musical instruments. The first stage of the game is carried out within 2 - 3 classes.

Second stage of the game:

Watering becomes a child who exactly reproduces rhythm. Artists (children) repeat the same rhythmic pattern, but accurately copied. The second stage of the game is also carried out within 2 - 3 classes.

The third stage of the game is called "interruptions". Wasing - soloists, any subgroup of children. They ask the rhythm another subgroup of children in this order:

Soloist 1 subgroup performs rhythm;
Rhythm repeats his subgroup of children;
Rhythm repeats 2 subgroups of children;
Soloist 2 subgroups sets its rhythm;
Children 2 subgroups repeat the rhythm of their leading;
Children 1 subgroups repeat the specified rhythm.

The third stage of the game is also carried out within 2 - 3 classes.

The fourth stage of the game is called "soloists".

Watering - several soloists (4 -5 people) from different subgroups. They choose one of the musical instruments and play each rhythm. From various rhythmic patterns there is an unusual melody. It turned out an impecker of shock tools:

Rhythms we will now compose

How many musicians -

So many talents!

This game in the lesson can be used no more than two times, as it is long-term training. As musical instruments, you can use everything that you can make any ringing, noise, rustling, rattling and other ...

Such an unusual orchestra will decorate with its sound, for example, the song "The World is similar to the colored meadow", the music of V. Shainsky. In this song, cotton in your hands can be replaced with a rhythm on a triangle, chromatic metallophone, a children's electrical instrument.

We all know such dances like samba, Rumba, Makarena. All of them are based on Latin American rhythms.

For this game you need to make tools with your own hands - Maracas are small plastic bottles from under carbonated drinks, baby foodwhich are filled with small bulk items - rice, sand, shallow pebbles, peas, bones. A bottle is closed with a lid and placed on a wand.

The prototype of this tool is the Latin American tool of the chocalo, which is a kind of wooden cylinder. In this game, children will be not superfluous, drums and the Latin American ensemble is ready. And then you can read the excerpt from the poetic fairy tale Kornea Chukovsky "Africa":

Imagine that

More than NSportal.ru.

7. Cardboard blanks (circle, oval, square)

Event flow

Song sounds "Where childhood leaves."

1. Opening part

Many of us still remember our favorite toys, games. They retained, rejoiced about our children's games and fun, we "return" many years ago, in our childhood. In many families, toys are moving from generation to generation, these toys have a certain value, pleasant, kind children's memories.

The game "Magic Tangle"

The educator offers a little play. Unwinding and passing the tangle to each other, parents tell what games they play with children at home. Then the tangle returns back. Watching it, parents tell what it means for a child

2. Treasurer

"What do our children play?"

Today, we will talk about what our children play. Why do you need a child game? What games are brought up and how, and what games are harmful? Do children be cooked, compassion during the game? Why about this: we suggest you talk?

Yes, because our modern boys, and girls, those for whom the game is a vital necessity and condition for development, cease to play. And those games that children play, they became unexpected, aggressive.

The chain of transmission of the game tradition was interrupted from one child generation to another. Where they are salts, Cossacks, Rogue, Zhmurki, Lapta and other children's pranks, joy. All of them with counters, songs, shallow - the greatest wealth of our culture, persisted and passed from the mouth of the mouth.

3.Iigra - Quest "Chips"

The educator proposes to remember the parents of family evenings and give them self-esteem. If they come as it is stated in the sentence, then the red chip is exposed, not always - yellow, never - blue.

Questions game:

Every evening I pay time for games with children

I'm talking about my games in childhood

If a toy broke, repairing with the child

Having bought a toy to the child, I explain how to play with her, showing different options for the game

I listen to the child's stories about games and toys

I do not punish the child with a game, toy, I do not deprive him for a while playing or toys

I often give a child toy

Generalization:

If there are more red chips on the table, then there are always games in your home. Play with a child on an equal footing. Your baby is active, inquisitive, loves to play with you.

After all, the game is the most interesting thing in the child's life.

The game is serious. "What a child in the game is, in many ways he will be in work when it grows. Therefore, the upbringing of the future leader takes place primarily in the game. And the whole story separate man As a leader and employee can be presented in the development of the game and in the gradual transition to work ... "This thought belongs to A. Makarenko, a wonderful teacher who emphasized the great importance of the children's game.

Pay attention to the easel on which the motto of our meeting is placed. You see the following words: "Interest", "Pleasure", "Development". These are the key concepts of gaming activities. He is interested, and

it means that knowledge and development occur easily and with pleasure.

3. "And we, in kindergarten, we play" (View presentations)

1. Didactic games - specially developed for children, for example, lotto to enrich knowledge and for the development of observation, memory, attention, logical thinking.

2.Working games are a variety of ways, rules, the nature of the movements performed. They contribute to strengthening children's health, develop movements. Children love moving games, gladly listen to music and know how to rhythmically move under it.

3.Shistent games - with sand, cubes, special construction materials, develop structural abilities in children, serve as a kind, preparation for mastering in future labor skills and skills;

4. Story-role-playing games - games in which children imitate the household, labor and public activity of adults, for example, games kindergarten, hospital, mother's daughter, shop, railway. Scene games, in addition to cognitive destination, develop children's initiative, creativity, observation.

5. Musical toys - Rattles, Bells, Bubrentes, Duffers, Metallophones, Toys depicting piano, balalaiki, etc. Musical instruments.

What can develop musical toys from a child? Musical toys contribute to the development of speech breathing, hearing.

6. Theatrical toys - dolls of bi-bob, finger theater, desktop theater.

Do these toys need children? (parents' answers)

These toys develop speech, imagination, teach a child to take a role.

Adults, playing with the children, they themselves enjoy and guys deliver great joy.

3. "Let's play together" - the practical part.

Exercise "I will start, and you will continue" - "The game is ..."

The game is (fun, interesting, exciting ...).

In order for the game to be interesting, developing, etc.

Any toy should be what? (Parents' answers)

1. Othetical;

2. Safe (in terms of paint, material quality);

3. Develop;

4. Entertain the child.

4. Games in the kitchen

And now we will play a little more. Please take part. For you, we have prepared questions. (In the vase there are leaves with questions.)

(Music sounds, the vase is moving in a circle. The music stops, the one is responsible, in whose hands was a vase. Wishers can add the answer.)

1. "Shell from eggs"

2. "Dough"

Material from NSportal.ru

MindGame.info: Article - What is the role of the game in the development of the child?

"The game is of great importance in the child's life, practically the same as an adult has activities, work, service. What a child in the game, so in many ways it will be in work when it grows. Therefore, the upbringing of the future figure takes place, first of all, in the game "

A. S. Makarenko

The role of the game in the development of the child!

Praphrazing the famous poem of S. Mikhalkov about mom, let's say: "games are different, games are different ...". Because the role of the game in the development of the child is enormous !!!

The definitions of the concept of "game" is still not developed by science and practice. The game is a type of activity and form of classes, this is life as it is and imitation of life, it is a competition and design, etc.

The game is a special form of development of reality by playing, modeling. The child in the game will know the world and people through substitutes, models of real objects - toys.

What is the role of the game in the development of an early child?

For a child from year to three, the game is manipulation with objects. Through the game with objects, the child will know the surrounding object world.

Playing in the kitchen, while mom is preparing, the child recognizes the appointment of various kitchen utensils and the name of the beloved (or unloved) food.

Playing with mom in developing toys (pyramids, liners, cubes, etc.), and the small motility of the child, and thinking, and memory, and attention is developing.

And such a game teaches to communicate about toys and performing activities, rejoice in success, stubbornly achieve results, perform instructions of adults, relate their actions with the actions of parents.

What is the role of the game in the development of a child of preschool age?

For a preschooler, the game is the most important activity. At this age, the child lives in the game.

In addition to the game with objects at this age, another desired type of game appears - a plot role-playing game. This is a game in which children take on the role of adults and in generalized form reproduce the activities of adults.

For example, these are games in the "mother's daughter", "Shop", "Hospital", "School", etc. The main task of such a game is to "play the role" correctly, i.e. Corresponding to the samples of adult behavior.

These games are a direct reflection of the fact that children see in their daily life. One girl playing the role of Mom, gently stroking the child before bedtime, and the other - shouts at him for the tea spilled on the table.

And the modern defector plays in the "festive feast", famously choking toy glasses. Or in killers and policemen, or in glamorous beauties, at the feet of which the men are so falling. " The fabulous princesses waiting for the Prince and Knights in search of victory over the dragons became less and less.

Yes, and the children themselves are still playing with each other. More often, but alone. Because they do not know how: the family is more and more than one child, to play parents with him, there is little time in playgrounds, and moms are constantly datched.

What is the role of the game in the development of a child of preschool age? It is in plotting games that are developing such important quality for a child as the ability to manage their attention and memory, remember and adhere to the rules, plan their activities and anticipate the result, observation and imagination develop.

And a plot-roo-wing game is a huge field for the manifestation of the bright emotions of the preschooler, as well as the opportunity to look at the world through the eyes of another, which is important for overcoming children's egocentrism.

What is the role of the game in the development of a child school age?

The game does not disappear from the life of the schoolchildren, it is transformed. Schoolchildren can play with toys and plot-role-playing games. The desire to play intellectual games, board games.

More and more modern schoolchildren are involved in computer games.

Moving games are very useful for a child of school age. These are hurrying, spots, games with a ball, a rope, etc. Command games - volleyball, basketball, football, etc.

During these games, children learn to comply with the rules of the game, bring up behavior skills in the team.

What is the role of the game in the development of a child school age? The game for a child school age is not a school of life as for a preschooler. For schoolchildren, the game is rest and switching activities.

So, what is the role of the game in the development of the child? Huge! Scale!

Therefore, it is not necessary to look at the game as a fun or empty pastime, according to the principle, "no matter what a child ...".

The game in the life of the child plays the role of the main tool for the development and education (from parents) and soil, the basis, the tissue of life itself (for the child himself). This can be read about this in the book "Antinyang, or how to raise a happy, healthy and confident child, while keeping time for a personal life and career."

In order for the child to develop in the game, it is necessary to avoid excessive guardianship of the child and provide him with more space and independence. Children who are not developing the desire for independence, do not know how to play or play reluctantly, little and bad.

What is the role of the game in the development of the child? Play with the child seriously - and you will learn it.

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